Parameter biokimia dan beberapa ukuran antropometrik tubuh keadaan tidak puasa dan puasa Ramadhan

MEIDA, Nur Shani, Prof.Dr.dr. Hj. Siti Dawiesah Ismadi, MSc

2001 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Dasar

Selama bulmi Ramadhan muslim dewma (bdigh) diharuskan berpuasa . Mereka tidak diperbolehkan makan dan minum sejak subuh sampai maghnb setiap hari selama sebulan penuh. Pada bulan Ramadhan komposisi makm berbeda dengan bulan-bulan di luar Ramadhan Penelitian hi bertujuan untuk membandingkan parameter biokimia (kadar glukosa darah, bigherid, kolesterol total, HDLkolesterol, LDLkolesterol) dan bebernpa ukuran antropometrik tubuh (berat badan, lingkar pi- lingkar panggul, lingkar lengan atas, triceps skin fold) nntnra sebelum dan setelah puma Ramadhan dan hubungannya dengan mobilisasi energi selama puma Ramadhan. Subjek yang digunakan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 19 prin, umur 19-23 tahun, tanipak seliat, tin& di Pondok Pesantren Budi Mulia Yogyakarta fenelitian dilakukmi pada dua hari sebelum puma Rmadlim dan hari ke-28 puma Ramadhan. Penelitian dimulai dengan melakukan survey diet dan aktivitas fisik sebelum dan selatna puma Ratriadhan selania 5 hari. Pengambilan darah dilakukan 12 jam setelah mzlkan terakhir. Darah ymg dimibil digutlakan untuk penenh kadar glukosa darah, trigliserid, koiesterol total dan HDL kolesterol. LDL kolesterol dihihg deem persamam Friedelwald. Beberapa ukuran antropometrik tubuh diukur sebelum dan setelah puma Ramadlian meliputi berat badan, lingkar pinggang, Iingkar pang@, lingkar lengan atm dan triceps skin fold. Hasil penelitian menunjukkm penurunan bermakna total masukan makanan sebelum dan setelah puasa Ram* sebesar 11%, p<0,05 (1902 f 93,OO Kal ; 1718,31 f 341,76 Kal). Dari hasil di atas penurunan terutama pada masukan karbohidrat sebesar 1S%, p4,OS ( 391,94 f 116,62 gr ; 330,25 f 88,29 gr). Aktivitm fisik selama puma Rulnadhai ceiidenmg nienwun tetapi SGCWZI stntistik tidak bmakna Kadar glukosa darah menurun bermha 16%, p<0,05 (75,9 f 1S,2 @dl ; 63,8 f 11,O Wdl) dan k d n r trigliserid meningkat bermakna 45%, ~ 0 , 0 5(5 5,8 st 29,5 mddl ; 80,8 f 26,4 mgdl). Kolesterol total dan HDL kolesterol cenderung menin@ dan LDL kolesterol cenderung nienurun tetapi secara statistik tidak bermakna Beberapa ukuran antropometrik tubuh menurun bermakna yaitu berat badan menurun SVo,p<0,05 (54,4 f 7,9 kg ; 51,8 f 7,6 kg), lingkar pinggang 3%, pc0,OZ (70,4 f 6,l cm ; 68,4 f 7,4 cm), lingkar panggul 4%, p<0,05 (79,8 f 6,2 cm ; 76,7 f 6,4 cm) dan triceps skin fold 11%, pr-O,OS (9,9 f 4,2 mm ; 8,8 f 4,6 mm). Lingkar lengan atas cendenq menurun tetapi secwa statistik tidak bermalum. Dari hasil penelitian iili @at disimpulkan bdiwa selama puma Ramadhan tgadi p e nma n bermakna kadar glukosa d d tet api masih daIm kisaran nomd dan peningkntan bermha kadar triglioerid plasma Koleoterol total dan HDLkolerrterol cenderung meningkat dan LDL kolesterol cenderung menurun tetapi secara statistik tidak beirriakna Terjadi penurunm bermakna pada beberapa ukuran mtropometrik tubuh sepetti berat badan, lingkar pingpn8, lingkar panppl dan triceps skin fold. Lingkar lengan atas cenderung menurun tetapi 61ecaz-a statistik tidak bennakna

During the month Ramadlian adult Muslims are obliged to fast. They are not allowed to eat and drink since sub& until m e i b every day during oue month. On the month Ramadhan composition of food ingested is not the same as another months. The aims of the this study was to compare biochemical parameters (the level of blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol) and several mthropometric size ( body weight, waist circuanference , hip circumference, arm circumference, triceps sMn fold) before and after Ramadhan and correlated with the mobilization of energy during Ramadhan.. The subject of the study consisted of nineteen male, about 19-22 years old, apparently healthy, living in Pondok Pesantren Budi Mulia Yogyakarta The study was carried out 2 days before Ramadhm fasting and at the 28h day Ramadhan The study was started with dietmy survey and activity survey before and during Ramadhan for 5 days. Blood was taken 12 hours after the last meal. Blood ww used to determine the level of blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. LDL cholesterol was calculated with Friedewald equation. Several anfhropometric s h s were measured before and after Ramadhan i.e. body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, arm circumference and triceps skin fold. The results showed 11% significant decrease of the total calori intake between before and after Rntnadhan fasting ( p<0,05 , 1902 f 93,OO Kal ; 1718,31 k 341,76 Kal). From the above results, the decreme was mainly on carbohydrat intake (15%) ( 391,94 f 116,62 gr ; 330,25 f 88,29 gr). Energy expenditure tended to decrease but statistically not significant. The level of blood glucose was significantly decreased 16%, pc0,OS (75,9 f 15,2 nig/dl ; 63,8 f 11,0 d d l ) and triglyceride was significantly increased 45%, p<0,05 (55,8 f 29,5 @dl ; 80,8 f 26,4 mg/dl). Total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol tended to increased and LDLcholesterol tended to decreased but statistically not significant. Several anthropometric sizes were significantly decreased i.e. body weight 5% significant decreased ,p<0,05 (54,4 f 7,9 kg ; S1,8 f 7,6 kg), waist circumference 3%, p<0,05 (70,4 f 6,l cm ; 68,4 f 7,4 cm), hip circumference 4%, pc0,OS (79,8 f 6,2 cm ; 76,7 f 6,4 cm) and rriceps skln ford 11%, ~ 0 , 0 5(9 ,9 f 4,2 mm ; 8,8 f 4,6 mm). Arm circumference tended to decreased but statistically not significant. In conclusion, during Ramadhan fasting the level of blood glucose was significantly decreased but it was still in the normal range and the level of triglyceride was significantly increased Total cholesterol and HDLcholesterol tended to increased and LDL-cholesterol tended to decreased but statistically not significant . Several anthropometric sizes i.e body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference and rriceps shh ]bid ‘were si@iiicantly de’creased. * Arin circumference tende’d to decreased but statistically not significant.

Kata Kunci : Biokimia,Puasa Ramadhan,Mobilisasi Energi, Ranlaxlhan fasting, blood glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, wairrt circumference, hip circunlference, am circumference, triceps skin fold