HUBUNGAN STRES DENGAN KEJADIAN DISPEPSIA (UNINVESTIGATED DYSPEPSIA) DI KABUPATEN TEGAL PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH

VERONIKA SURYANINGSIH, Prof. dr. Hari Kusnanto, SU, Dr.PH.

2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Dispepsia merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular, yang sangat mengganggu aktivitas dan dapat berakibat fatal. Beban penyakit dispepsia terhadap kualitas hidup dan ekonomi sangat tinggi. Stres merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya Dispepsia. Pada tahun 2011, terdapat peningkatan 22% penderita gastritis di puskesmas wilayah Kabupaten Tegal dan pada tahun 2012, di RSUD Dr. Soeselo Slawi terdapat peningkatan penderita dispepsia sebesar 53% penderita rawat jalan dan 200% penderita rawat inap. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa hubungan kejadian dispepsia (uninvestigated dyspepsia) dengan stres di Kabupaten Tegal Metode: Jenis penelitian ini analitik observasional dengan rancangan studi kasus kontrol. Kasus adalah penderita baru dengan diagnosis utama dispepsia. Kontrol adalah penderita dengan diagnosis utama bukan dispepsia. Sampel diambil dengan metode consecutive sampling sebanyak 140 responden pada masing-masing kelompok. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Chi-Square dan Fisher (analisis bivariat) dan Logistic Regression (analisis multivariat). Hasil: Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan kejadian dispepsia (uninvestigated dyspepsia) terhadap faktor risiko stres diperoleh nilai OR 1,677, CI 95% 1,018- 2,767, p-value 0,031, frekuensi makan OR 1,727, CI 95% 1,047-2,850, p-value 0,023 dan merokok OR 2,471, CI 95% 1,485-4,119, p-value < 0,001. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko yang berperan terhadap kejadian dispepsia (uninvestigated dyspepsia) adalah stres (OR 1,665, CI95% 1,025-2,701, pvalue 0,039) dan merokok (OR 2,460, CI95% 1,514-3,998, p-value <0,001). Kesimpulan: Kejadian dispepsia (uninvestigated dyspepsia) meningkat pada orang yang mengalami stres dan merokok. Pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam mengelola stres perlu ditingkatkan bagi pemberi pelayanan kesehatan dan masyarakat serta perlu adanya penelitian tentang hubungan stress dengan dyspepsia fungsional dan sumber stres.

Background Dyspepsia is the one of non communicable disease that can interfere of the daily activity; furthermore, it can have fatal consequences. It can burden to quality of life and economic. Stress is one of the risk factor of appearing the dyspepsia. At 2011, the number of gastritis case was raising 22% in primary health care (puskesmas) in the region of Kabupaten Tegal. At 2012, in RSUD Dr Soeselo Slawi was raising 53% in polyclinic, and 200% to be hospitalized. The objective is to know and analyze the relationship between dyspepsia (uninvestigated dyspepsia) with stress in Kabupaten Tegal. Method This study was using observational analyze with case control study design. Cases were new patients with dyspepsia as main diagnose. Otherwise, new patients that the main diagnose weren’t dyspepsia as control. Sampling was using consecutive sampling method with 140 respondents for each group. The study was using Chi- Square and Fisher (bivariate analyze) and Logistic Regression (multivariate analyze). Result Bivariate analyze result showed occurrence of dyspepsia (uninvestigated dyspepsia) to stress risk factor getting OR value 1.677, CI 95% 1.018-2.767, pvalue 0.031, meal frequency OR value 1.727, CI 95% 1.047-2.857, p-value 0.023 and smoking OR value 2.471, CI 95% 1.485-4.119, p-value <0.001. Multivariate analyze result showed the risk factors that having role to rise occurrence of dyspepsia (uninvestigated dyspepsia) were stress (OR value 1.665, CI 95% 1.025- 2.701, p-value 0.039) and smoking (OR value 2.40, CI 95% 1.514-3.998, p-value <0.001) Conclusion Occurrence of dyspepsia (uninvestigated dyspepsia) were rising for people that having stress and smoking. Knowledge and skill of stress management need to be improved for health service persons and public, also need to make study about relationship stress with dyspepsia functional and stress resources as well.

Kata Kunci : Dispepsia, Uninvestigated Dyspepsia, Stres