FABRIKASI SCAFFOLD BERPORI HIDROKSIAPATIT DENGAN POLIMER HIDROKSI ETIL SELULOSA DAN POLI VINIL ALKOHOL

AMALINA ISYATURRODLIYAH, Drs. Roto, M.Eng, Ph.D.

2013 | Skripsi | KIMIA

Fabrikasi scaffold hidroksiapatit (HAP) dengan penambahan hidroksi etil selulosa (HEC) dan poli vinil alkohol (PVA) telah dilakukan. HAP disintesis melalui metode pengendapan menggunakan prekursor CaCl2 dan (NH4)2HPO4. Scaffold berpori diperoleh dengan penambahan porogen HEC dan binder PVA yang akan dihilangkan selama proses kalsinasi pada 500 ºC dan densifikasi melalui sintering pada 1230 ºC. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari efek penambahan binder dan porogen terhadap porositas, kekuatan mekanik dan morfologi scaffold dengan melakukan variasi rasio HAP dan HEC (b/b) dan persentase PVA (% b/v). Kekuatan mekanik, porositas dan morfologi scaffold dikarakterisasi dengan Material Testing Machine, liquid displacement method dan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penambahan PVA dapat meningkatkan kekuatan mekanik scaffold. Kekuatan tekan tertinggi diperoleh dari komposit dengan 15% PVA. Selain itu semakin tinggi kandungan HEC yang digunakan dapat meningkatkan porositas scaffold HAP. Porositas tertinggi diperoleh dengan perbandingan HAP:HEC 9:2. Kekuatan tekan scaffold yang telah difabrikasi berkisar antara 6,1 hingga 33,1 MPa dan porositasnya berkisar antara 50,35 hingga 79,74%. Scaffold 9:2 10% porositas sebesar 79,74%, kekuatan mekanik sebesar 7,00 MPa, pori terinterkoneksi dan tahan terhadap cracking. Sifat fisik scaffold tersebut memiliki kemiripan dengan tulang cancellous manusia.

Fabrication of hydroxyapatite (HAP) scaffold was carried out by adding HAP with hydroxy ethyl cellulose (HEC) and poly vinyl alcohol (PVA). HAP was synthesized via precipitation method using CaCl2 dan (NH4)2HPO4 as precursors. Porous scaffold was obtained by utilizing HEC as porogen and PVA as binder which will be removed by calcination at 500 ºC followed by sintering at 1230 ºC. The objective is to study the effect of binder and porogen to the morphology, porosity and mechanical strength of scaffold at predertemined ratio of HAP and HEC (w/w) and PVA percentage (% w/v). Mechanical strength, porosity and scaffold morphology were characterized by using Material Testing Machine, liquid displacement method and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results show that the addition of PVA can improve the mechanical strength of HAP scaffold. The highest mechanical strength was obtained from the 15% PVA composite. Increasing HEC content also led to increasing the porosity. The highest scaffold porosity was achieved at 9:2 HAP to HEC ratio. The fabricated scaffold HAP gave compressive strength ranging from 6.10 to 33.1 MPa and its porosity 50.35 to 79.74%. The 9:2 10% scaffold was found to have 79.74% porosity, mechanical strength of 7.00 MPa, interconnected pores and resistant to cracking. The physical properties of this scaffold are found to have similarities to that human cancellous bone.

Kata Kunci : hidroksiapatit, hidroksi etil selulosa, poli vinil alkohol, scaffold