PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN KITOSAN-EKSTRAK KUNYIT TERHADAP KOLESTEROL DAN PROFIL DARAH SERTA TITER ANTIBODI PADA AYAM BROILER
Ari Kusuma Wati, Prof. Dr. Ir. Zuprizal, DEA
2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu PeternakanPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan kitosan-ekstrak kunyit terhadap kolesterol dan profil darah serta titer antibodi pada ayam broiler. Ayam broiler jantan sebanyak 96 ekor umur 2 sampai 5 minggu dibagi secara acak ke dalam 8 kelompok perlakuan penambahan feed additive dengan 3 ulangan dan masing-masing ulangan berisi 4 ekor. Perlakuan tersebut yaitu Ransum basal, RB (P1), RB + kitosan 0,1 % (P2), RB + ekstrak kunyit 0,1% (P3), RB + TPP 0,1% (P4), RB + kitosan-ekstrak kunyit (NP) 0,2% (P5), RB + kitosan-ekstrak kunyit (NP) 0,4% (P6), RB + kitosan-ekstrak kunyit (NP) 0,6% (P7), dan RB + kitosan-ekstrak kunyit (NP) 0,8% (P8). Variabel yang diamati yaitu kolesterol darah, profil darah, dan titer antibodi menggunakan metode uji hambatan hemaglutinasi (HI test). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis statistik menggunakan one-way anova. Perbedaan rerata dari masing-masing perlakuaan diuji dengan Duncan’s New Multiple Range test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan kitosan-ekstrak kunyit dalam pakan ayam broiler berbeda nyata (P<0,05) terhadap TG, eritrosit, Hb, PCV, total protein plasma, neutrofil, limfosit, rasio N:L, dan titer antibodi sebelum vaksinasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap kolesterol total, HDL, LDL, leukosit, eosinofil, monosit, dan titer antibodi setelah vaksinasi. Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan kitosan-ekstrak kunyit sebagai feed additive ayam broiler tidak dapat menurunkan kolesterol total, LDL, HDL, dan TG, tidak dapat meningkatkan eritrosit, kadar hemoglobin, nilai hematokrit, leukosit, neutrofil, eosinofil, limfosit, monosit, dan rasio N:L, tetapi dapat meningkatkan total protein plasma pada perlakuan kitosan-ekstrak kunyit dalam nanopartikel 0,6% serta tidak dapat meningkatkan titer antibodi ayam broiler terhadap virus ND. Pemanfaatan nanopartikel kitosan-ekstrak kunyit optimal digunakan sampai level 0,6% karena pada level 0,8% kadar trigliserida sudah mengalami peningkatan. Kemampuan antistres kunyit lebih baik pada perlakuan kombinasi kunyit dengan kitosan dalam nanopartikel 0,8% dibandingkan perlakuan kunyit tanpa kombinasi.
This research was aimed to determine the effect of utilization chitosan- turmeric extract on cholesterol and blood profiles and antibody titers in broiler. Ninety six broiler chickens were used in this research. Those age were 2-5 weeks. The chickens were divided into 8 treatment groups of the feed additive addition. Each group consists of 3 replication. Each replication consists of 4 broiler chickens. The treatment of the Basal Rations, RB (P1), RB + 0.1% chitosan (P2), RB + 0.1% turmeric extract (P3), RB + 0.1% TPP (P4), RB + chitosan-extract turmeric (NP) 0.2% (P5), chitosan-RB + turmeric extracts (NP) 0.4% (P6), chitosan-RB + turmeric extracts (NP) 0.6% (P7), and RB + chitosan turmeric extract (NP) 0.8% (P8). The blood cholesterol, blood profiles, and antibody titers using hemagglutination inhibition test (HI test) data were collected and were analyzed using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and continued by tested using Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that the addition of chitosan-extract turmeric in the diet was significantly different (P<0.05) against tryglyserides, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, packed volume cell, plasma protein total, neutrophils, lymphocytes, the ratio N:L, and antibody titers before the vaccine. The results showed not significant difference (P>0.05) on total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, leukocytes, eosinophils, monocytes, and antibody titers after the vaccine. It is concluded that the addition of chitosan-turmeric extract as broiler feed additive cannot decrease total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and TG, can not increase erythrocytes, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value, leukocyte, neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and the ratio of N:L, but can increase the total protein plasma on chitosan-turmeric extract nanoparticles in 0.6% treatment, and can not increase the antibody titers of broiler chickens against ND virus. Utilization of chitosan-turmeric extract nanoparticle optimal use to the level of 0.6% due to the 0.8% level of triglyceride levels have been increased. Anti-stress capability the best in combination chitosan-turmeric treatment with 0.8% in the nanoparticles compared to treatment without a combination of turmeric.
Kata Kunci : Kitosan, Ekstrak Kunyit, Ayam Broiler, Kolesterol Darah, Profil Darah, Titer Antibodi
