DISTRIBUSI DAN KEMELIMPAHAN ZOOPLANKTON DI RAWA BIRU, MERAUKE, PAPUA

ARIS KURNIAWAN, Dr. Tjut Sugandawaty Djohan

2013 | Skripsi | BIOLOGI

Rawa Biru merupakan ekosistem amphibious, pada musim kemarau bersifat ekosistem danau dangkal dan pada musim hujan bersifat ekosistem sungai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari distribusi dan kemelimpahan zooplankton serta mempelajari faktor fisiko-kimia yang mempengaruhinya. Sample dicuplik di perairan Tempe permukaan (TeP) dan dasar (TeD); kanal (Ca); bak penampung atas (WsA) dan bawah (WsB) pada musim kemarau dan awal musim hujan. Komunitas zooplankton di Rawa Biru, didominasi oleh grup Copepoda pada musim kemarau (densitas absolut di TeP: 1225 ind. per 100 liter; TeD: 1666 ind. per 100 liter; Ca: 116 ind. per 100 liter) dan awal musim hujan (densitas absolut di TeP: 173 ind. per 100 liter; TeD: 152 ind. per 100 liter; Ca: 440 ind. per 100 liter). Sedangkan,grup Protozoa merupakan grup dengan densitas paling rendah. Nauplius merupakan anggota Copepoda yang paling melimpah dikedua musim. Fungsional Grup Copepoda melimpah menandakan bahwa kualitas air Rawa Biru baik. Nutrient yang selalu tersedia dan sama di kedua musim menyebabkan pertumbuhan zooplankton kontinu. Distribusi dan kemelimpahan komunitas zooplankton diregulasi oleh interaksi trofik cascade top-down dan arus.

Rawa Biru was an amphibious ecosystem, in a summer season this lake was acted as a shallow lake ecosystem and in a rainy season this lake was acted as a river ecosystem. The main idea and objective of this research was to learn the distribution of zooplankton and its abundance, also to study the physics-chemical factor that always influenced it. Sample collecting had been done in Tempe water surface (TeP) and bottom (TeD); channel (Ca); top water container (WsA) and below (WsB) both in summer and rainy season. In summer season, zooplankton community in Rawa Biru was dominated by Copepoda group (absolute density in TeP: 1225 ind. per 100 liter; TeD: 1666 ind. per 100 liter; Ca: 116ind. per 100 liter) and at the early of rainy season (absolute density in TeP: 173 ind. per 100 liter; TeD: 152 ind. per 100 liter; Ca: 440 ind. per 100 liter). Meanwhile, Protozoa was a group with the lowest density. Nauplius was a member of Copepoda group with the highest amount in both of seasons. The abundance of Copepoda group functionality showed that the water quality of Rawa Biru was good. Nutrient was always there and available in both of season caused the zooplankton to grow continually. The distribution and abundance of zooplankton community was regularized by cascade tropic interaction, top-down and flow.

Kata Kunci : Zooplankton, RawaBiru, Distribusi, Kemelimpahan, Arus, predator