ANALISIS EKONOMI REHABILITASI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (Studi Kasus di Sub DAS Ponggok Tremas, SWP DAS Grindulu, BP DAS Solo)

BETANUR B., Agus Affianto, S. Hut., M. Si.

2013 | Skripsi | MANAJEMEN HUTAN

Topografi yang curam pada lahan kritis di Sub DAS Ponggok Tremas, SWP DAS Grindulu, DAS Solo, memerlukan tindakan rehabilitasi lahan yang tepat. Saat ini, dampak positif pencegahan erosi dari rehabilitasi lahan yang dilakukan belum diperhitungkan secara ekonomi. Perlu dilakukan analisis finansial dan ekonomi pada lahan yang telah direhabilitasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk (1) mengetahui tingkat erosi pada lahan pertanian dan hutan; (2) mengetahui taksiran nilai ekonomi pencegahan akibat erosi dengan (with) program rehabilitasi lahan melalui pendekatan metode biaya ganti (replacement market); (3) Mengetahui nilai finansial dan ekonomi program rehabilitasi lahan dalam DAS menggunakan kriteria investasi Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), dan Internal Rate of Return (IRR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat rata-rata erosi lahan hutan sebesar 30,6 ton/ha/th dan 88,185 ton/ha/th pada lahan pertanian. Rehabilitasi lahan hutan memiliki nilai pencegahan erosi Rp223.048.337,56 (ha/15th). Hasil perhitungan kriteria investasi (1) pemanfaatan lahan pertanian finansial Rp61.186.749,95 (ha/th), BCR 1,39, IRR 5,02%; (2) rehabilitasi lahan hutan finansial NPV Rp84.776.879,39 (ha/15th), BCR 7,05, IRR 21,37%; (3) pemanfaatan lahan pertanian ekonomi NPV - Rp13.782.169,29 (ha/th), BCR 0,59, IRR – (negatif); (4) rehabilitasi lahan hutan ekonomi NPV Rp237.839.713,26 (ha/15th), BCR 18,40%, IRR 73,42%. Perhitungan Annual Equivalent Value (AEV) yang dilakukan untuk membandingkan 2 daur yang berbeda antara pertanian dan kehutanan menghasilkan AEV paling tinggi terdapat pada analisis ekonomi rehabilitasi lahan kehutanan yaitu Rp 13.786.101,57. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, rehabilitasi lahan pertanian layak secara finansial tetapi tidak layak secara ekonomi karena memiliki NPV ekonomi (ENPV) yang nilainya negatif (-) dan BCR dengan nilai kurang dari 1 (<1). Dengan tidak layaknya rehabilitasi lahan pertanian secara ekonomi, adanya eksternalitas positif berupa pencegahan erosi sebagai pendapatan pada rehablitasi lahan hutan, serta nilai AEV paling tinggi, maka program rehabilitasi lahan hutan lebih baik untuk diterapkan di lahan kritis Sub DAS Ponggok Tremas, SWP DAS Grindulu, DAS Solo.

Steep topography on marginal lands in Sub-Watershed Ponggok Tremas, SWP DAS Grindulu , DAS Solo, requires proper rehabilitation measures. Currently , the positif impact of erosion preventing by land where rehabilitation has not been taken into economically accounted. Need financial and economic analysis on land that has been rehabilitated. The purpose of this study to (1) determine the level of erosion on agricultural land and forests land , (2) determine the estimated economic value of erosion preventing (with) the rehabilitation program through changing the cost model approach (replacement cost), (3) knowing the value of financial and economic rehabilitation by Integrated Watershed Management Programs with investment criteria that has been used are Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The results showed an average of erosion rate by forest land is 30.6 ton/ha/year and 88.185 ton/ha/yr on agriculture land. Rehabilitasi forest land has erosion prevention value Rp223.048.337,56 (ha/15year). Results of calculation of investment criteria (1) financial of agricultural land use Rp61.186.749,95 (ha/year), BCR 1.39, IRR 5,02 %, (2) financial of forest land rehabilitation Rp84.776.879 NPV , 39 (ha/15year), BCR 7,05, IRR 21.37 %, (3) the economic of agricultural land use NPV -Rp13.782.169,29 (ha/year), BCR 0,59, IRR - (negative), (4) economic of forest land rehabilitation NPV Rp237.839.713,26 (ha/15year), BCR 18,40 % ,73,42% IRR. Annual Equivalent Value (AEV) calculation were performed to compare 2 different cycle between agriculture abd forestry, generating AEV is highest in the economic analysis of forestry land rehabilitation that is Rp 13.786.101,57. Based on the results of financial rehabilitation agricultural land feasible but not in economically, because the economically has economic NPV (ENPV) is negative (-) and BCR with a value less than 1 (< 1). Did not like the economic of rehabilitation in agricultural land, the presence of positive externalities such as erosion prevention as revenue on rehabilitation forest land, and as well as the highest value of AEV, so rehabilitation in forest land program then it is better to be applied in marginal land of Sub-Watershed Ponggok Tremas, SWP DAS Grindulu, DAS Solo.

Kata Kunci : rehabilitasi lahan, erosi, analisis finansial, analisis ekonomi