PENGARUH PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR ALGA COKELAT Sargassum sp. (PHAEOPHYTA) DAN SITOKININ TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN SAWI (Brassica juncea L.)

HILDA WATI NASUTION, Dr. Kumala Dewi, M.Sc.St.

2013 | Skripsi | BIOLOGI

Tanaman sawi (Brassica juncea L.) merupakan salah satu jenis sayuran yang memiliki nutrisi lengkap dan memenuhi syarat kebutuhan gizi. Pemberian pupuk dan zat pengatur tumbuh umumnya meningkatan produksi tanaman sayuran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pupuk cair organik Sargassum sp. dan sitokinin terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman sawi. Penelitian menggunakan desain Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktorial 4x4. Faktor pertama yaitu konsentrasi pupuk cair Sargassum sp. yang terdiri atas empat level yaitu P0 (kontrol), P1 (0,5%), P2 (1%), dan P3 (5%), faktor kedua yaitu konsentrasi kinetin yang terdiri atas empat level yaitu S0 (kontrol), S1 (5 ppm), S2 (10 ppm), dan S3 (20 ppm). Untuk masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan digunakan 5 ulangan. Biji sawi disemai dan kecambah ditumbuhkan dalam polibag yang berisi media tanam dengan komposisi tanah : kandang : kompos (3:1:1). Aplikasi pupuk cair Sargassum sp. dilakukan pada hari ke- 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 dan 35 dengan cara disiramkan pada tanah sebanyak 125ml. Sedangkan aplikasi sitokinin dilakukan pada hari ke- 7, 14, 21, 28 dan 35 dengan cara disemprotkan pada daun tanaman. Parameter yang diamati antara lain tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, berat basah, berat kering, rasio tajuk:akar, kadar air, kadar klorofil daun, kadar vitamin C, stomata, jumlah dan panjang sel epidermis serta ketebalan daun. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik Analisis Varian (ANAVA) pada tingkat kesalahan α=5% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test). Hasil menunjukkan kombinasi perlakuan pupuk cair Sargassum sp. dan kinetin secara umum meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sawi (Brassica juncea L.) dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Pertumbuhan tanaman sawi yang optimum diperoleh pada pemberian pupuk cair Sargassum sp. 1 % dan kinetin 10 ppm.

Green mustard (Brassica juncea L.) is one type of vegetables that has complete nutrition and fulfilled nutritional needs. The application of fertilizer and plant growth regulators normally increased crop production. This research was aimed to study the effect of organic liquid fertilizer Sargassum sp. and cytokinins on green mustard growth. The design of the research was 4x4 factorials Completely Randomized Design. The first factor was concentration of liquid fertilizer Sargassum sp. consist of four levels : P0 (control), P1 (0.5%), P2 (1%), or P3 (5%), the second factor was concentration of kinetin consist of four levels : S0 (control), S1 (5 ppm), S2 (10 ppm), and S3 (20 ppm). For each treatment combination, five replicated were used. Green mustard seeds were sown and germinates were grown on polybag containing growth media of soil : manure : compost (3:1:1). Liquid fertilizer Sargassum sp. was applied at day 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 which was poured on soil about 125ml. While, cytokinins application was done at day 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 which was sprayed on leafes. Growth parameters observed were plant height, leaf number, leaf area, fresh weight of plants, dry weight of plants, the shoot : root ratio, water content, leaf chlorophyll content, vitamin C content, stomata, number and length of epidermal cells and leaf thickness. The data obtained were analyzed by using Analysis Variant (ANAVA) at significant level α = 5% and followed by DMRT (Duncan's MultipleRange Test). Results showed the combined treatment of liquid fertilizer Sargassum sp. and kinetin generally increased growth of green mustard (Brassica juncea L.) compared with controls. The optimum growth of green mustard was obtained from treatment of liquid fertilizer Sargassum sp. 1% and kinetin 10 ppm.

Kata Kunci : sawi (Brassica juncea L.), pupuk cair Sargassum sp. ,sitokinin