TINGKAH LAKU INDUK SAPI SIMMENTAL PERANAKAN ONGOLE DIBANDINGKAN SAPI PERANAKAN ONGOLE DI DAERAH TROPIS

HENDRI MAISAPUTRA, Prof. Dr. Ir. Endang Baliarti, SU.

2013 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkah laku dan respon fisiologis sapi Simmental Peranakan Ongole (Simpo) dibandingkan sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) di daerah tropis. Materi yang digunakan adalah 5 ekor induk sapi Simpo dan 5 ekor induk sapi PO berumur antara 3 sampai 4 tahun dalam kondisi tidak bunting. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2012 di kandang sapi potong Laboratorium Ternak potong, Kerja dan Kesayangan, Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Gadjah Mada dengan pengamatan langsung dalam 24 jam selama 7 hari. Parameter yang diamati meliputi temperatur dan kelembaban kandang, data fisiologis (frekuensi respirasi, frekuensi pulsus, temperatur rektal), konsumsi pakan dan air minum, dan data tingkah laku (frekuensi berdiri, frekuensi duduk, frekuensi makan, frekuensi minum, frekuensi defekasi, frekuensi urinasi, frekuensi ruminasi, durasi ruminasi, jumlah kunyahan ruminasi). Data tingkah laku serta konsumsi pakan dan air minum yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan rancangan independent t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: temperatur dan kelembaban kandang berkisar antara 23 sampai 30oC dan 58 sampai 81%; konsumsi pakan sapi Simpo nyata (P<0,05) lebih rendah dibandingkan sapi PO (121,14 ± 0,46 vs 123,08 ± 0,62 g/kg BBM (berat badan metabolis) ); konsumsi air minum sapi Simpo nyata (P<0,05) lebih tinggi (0,378 ± 0,008 vs 0,280 ± 0,007 l/kg BBM); frekuensi ruminasi, durasi ruminasi dan jumlah kunyahan ruminasi sapi Simpo nyata (P<0,05) lebih rendah (13,68 ± 0,59 vs 14,83 ± 0,32 kali/hari, 4,58 ± 0,044 vs 5,02 ± 0,076 jam/hari, dan 11690,31 ± 80,26 vs 12945,83 ± 197,20 kali//hari). Disimpulkan bahwa terjadi penurunan tingkat kenyamanan sapi Simpo yang ditunjukkan dengan lebih rendahnya konsumsi pakan dan lebih tingginya konsumsi air minum dibandingkan sapi PO, serta terdapat perbedaan tingkah laku.

This research was carried out to observe the behavior and physiological response of Simmental Ongole Crossbred (Simpo) cow compared to Ongole Crossbred (PO) cow in the tropical area. Three – 4 years old of 5 Simpo cows and 5 PO cows were used in this research, all of cows were not pregnant. The research carried out in October 2012 at Laboratory of Meat, Drought and Companion Animal, Faculty of Animal Science, Gadjah Mada University. The parameter included temperature and humidity of the stable, physiological data (respiration frequency, puls e frequency, and rectal temperature), feed and water consumption, as well as behavior data (standing frequency, sitting frequency, eating frequency, drinking frequency, defecating frequency, urinating f requency, ruminating frequency, ruminating duration, numbers of digest while ruminating) were observed. The data of behavior and consumption of feed and water were collected and analyzed used independent t-test. The data showed that the temperature and air humidity in research location were between 23 – 30°C and 58 – 81%. Feed consumption in Simpo cow was lower (P<0.05) than PO cow (121.14 ± 0.46 vs 123.08 ± 0.62 g/kg metabolic body weight (BBM)); although the drinking consumptionin Simpo cow was higher (P<0.05) (0.378 ± 0.008 vs 0.280 ± 0.007 l/kg BBM). The ruminating frequency, ruminating duration, and numbers of digest while ruminating in Simpo cow was lower (P<0.05) (13.68 ± 0.59 vs 14.83 ± 0.32 times/day, 4.58 ± 0.044 vs 5.02 ± 0.076 hours/day, and 11690.31 ± 80.26 vs 12945.83 ± 197.20 times/day). It can be concluded that Simpo Cow wasn’t in comfort condition, indicated by feed consumption and drinking consumption that lower and higher than PO cow that accompanied by behavioral different.

Kata Kunci : Induk sapi Simpo, Induk sapi PO, Tingkah laku, Respon fisiologis