PERBANDINGAN EFEKTIVITAS CAIRAN DESINFEKTAN ALAT ORTODONTIK LEPASAN CHLORHEXIDINE DENGAN CAIRAN EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH TERHADAP JUMLAH Candida albicans

HAFIB ADIFAIZAL, drg. JCP Heryumani Sulandjari, M.S., Sp. Ort. (K)

2013 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER GIGI

Penggunaan alat ortodontik lepasan diketahui dapat menyebabkan peningkatan akumulasi mikroorganisme pada rongga mulut, Candida albicans salah satunya yang dapat menimbulkan infeksi oral candidiasis. Pengaplikasian desinfektan digunakan untuk mencegah akumulasi mikroorganisme. Chlorhexidine merupakan bahan desinfektan golongan bisguanid yang umum digunakan. Daun sirih diketahui sebagai bahan herbal yang memiliki daya antimikroba adekuat. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana perbandingan efektivitas desinfektan alat ortodontik lepasan chlorhexidine dengan cairan ekstrak daun sirih terhadap jumlah Candida albicans. Dua puluh satu buah plat aktif ortodontik lepasan direndam dalam saliva buatan selama 1 jam dan suspensi candida albicans selama 24 jam, kemudian dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok. Kelompok I plat aktif direndam dalam aquades (kontrol), kelompok II direndam dalam chlorhexidine 2%, kelompok III direndam dalam ekstrak daun sirih 20%. Masing-masing plat aktif dimasukkan dalam aquades steril lalu digojog menggunakan vortex mixer selama 2 menit. Pengenceran seri dilakukan dari hasil penggojogan dari masing-masing plat. 1μl hasil pengenceran dimasukkan pada Saboraud agar dan diinkubasi selama 48 jam/370C. Koloni yang terbentuk dihitung menggunakan colony counter. Data dianalisis menggunakan Anava satu jalur dan uji Post-hoc LSD0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan jumlah koloni Candida albicans yang signifikan antara ketiga kelompok (p<0,05). Uji LSD0,05 dan persentase penurunan jumlah Candida albicans menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan rerata jumlah Candida albicans yang bermakna antara kedua desinfektan (p<0,05), dimana chlorhexidine memiliki persentase penurunan Candida albicans lebih tinggi dibandingkan ekstrak daun sirih. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah efektivitas desinfektan alat ortodontik lepasan chlorhexidine lebih besar dibandingkan ekstrak daun sirih dalam menurunkan jumlah Candida albicans.

The use of a removable orthodontic appliance was known to increase the accumulation of microorganisms in the oral cavity, including Candida albicans that might cause oral candidiasis infections. Disinfectant was applied to prevent the accumulation of microorganisms. Chlorhexidine was a commonly used disinfectant of bisguanide group. Piper betel leaf was considered as herbal ingredients that have an adequate antimicrobial activity. The aim of this research was to find out the effectiveness comparison of removable orthodontic appliance disinfectant chlorhexidine with Piper betel leaf extract liquid to the number of Candida albicans. Twenty-one removable orthodontic active plates were immersed in artificial saliva for 1 hour and suspensions candida albicans for 24 hours, and divided into three groups afterwards. First group was soaked in distilled water (control), second group was soaked in chlorhexidine 2%, and third group was soaked in 20% piper betel leaf extract. Each active plates was inserted in sterile distilled water and shaked using a vortex mixer for 2 minutes. Dilution series was performed from the results of each plate shaking. 1 μl of dilution series was put on a Saboraud agar and incubated for 48 hours in 370C. Formed Colonies was calculated using a colony counter. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by LSD0,05 Post-hoc tests. The results showed that there were significantly differences in the number of colonies of Candida albicans among three groups (p <0,05). LSD0,05 test and the decreasing percentage of Candida albicans numbers showed that there were significant differences mean of Candida albicans between the two disinfectants (p <0.05), in which the decreasing percentage of Candida albicans using chlorhexidine was higher compared to betel leaf extract. It was concluded that the effectiveness of the disinfectant chlorhexidine removable orthodontic appliance greater than betel leaf extract on the growth of Candida albicans..

Kata Kunci : Alat Ortodontik Lepasan, Candida albicans, Chlorhexidine, Ekstrak Daun Sirih