KONFLIK ANTAR KELOMPOK DI IRAK PASCA PENARIKAN PASUKAN AMERIKA SERIKAT TAHUN 2011
ARDIAN MUTHAHAR, Dr. Siti Muti'ah Setiawati, MA
2013 | Skripsi | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional-
The main purpose of this thesis is to elucidate the inter-sectarian groups conflict in Iraq after US troops’ withdrawal in 2011. This conflict involved three groups in Iraq, namely Sunni, Shi’a, and Kurds. The interaction between these three groups becomes the researcher’s interest. This thesis views the three groups not as ethnical entities but as political ones. After US troops’ withdrawal Iraq entered a new period; a transitional era. It gave big impacts to Iraq; not only positively but also negatively. The presence of US troops has been known to serve as a political and security stabilizer in Iraq. Along with the retraction of the great power, it was expected that Iraq could independently start building their politics and security. However, considering the current affairs in Iraq, the withdrawal of US from the country has conversely brought numbers of crisis in the country. These conflicts in Iraq have increased in number since US retraction, not only horizontal conflicts between the three groups emerged, but also among elites which involved political actors from the groups. These conflicts arose from domestic factors, including the groups’ increasing nationalism and failing democratization. The conflicts were aggravated by the involvement of terrorist groups Al-Qaeda, Sunni militants, Shi’a extremists, and Kurds separatists. Besides, situation changes in Iraq post-US withdrawal also affected the country’s relations with neighboring countries such as Iran and Turkey. The relations cannot be detached from the interests of involving countries. This thesis will also explain the relations between Iraq and USA, with whom the cooperation continues to diplomatic spheres, economic, and military in the training of Iraq’s military personnel.
Kata Kunci : Sunni, Shi’a, Kurds, US troops, group conflicts, transition, democratization, group nationalism
