PABRIK TOLUEN DIAMIN DARI DINITRO TOLUEN DAN GAS HIDROGEN KAPASITAS 75.000 TON PER TAHUN

M. SULTAN FAHMIYANSYAH, Rahman Sudibyo, ST., M.T., Ph.D.

2013 | Skripsi | TEKNIK KIMIA

Pabrik Toluene-2,4-diamine (diaminotoluene, TDA) dari 2,4 dinitrotoluene (DNT) dan gas hydrogen dirancang dengan kapasitas 75.000 ton/tahun dan beroperasi secara kontinyu selama 330 hari/tahun. Pada proses pembuatannya, DNT yang dilarutkan ke dalam methanol direaksikan dengan gas hidrogen dengan bantuan katalis raney-nickel dalam agitated slurry reactor with sparger yang bekerja secara kontinyu. Selanjutnya hasil keluaran reaktor dimurnikan dan pelarut methanol dikembalikan atau direcycle untuk digunakan kembali. Dalam prarancangan pabrik yang menghasilkan produk Toluen diamin sebanyak 75.000 ton/tahun dibutuhkan bahan baku dinitro toluen sebanyak 123.807,82 ton/tahun, gas hidrogen sebanyak 8.200,37 ton/tahun, pelarut methanol 98 % sebanyak 13.216,90 ton/tahun sedangkan untuk air proses dan air utilitas yang diperlukan adalah air sebanyak 229.859,4 m 3 /tahun yang diperoleh dari air sungai, listrik 768,76 kW dan bahan bakar sebanyak 57,03 m 3 /tahun. Pabrik yang direncanakan berdiri pada tahun 2020 di Bontang, Kalimantan TImur dengan alasan lokasi yang dekat dengan pelabuhan laut diatas tanah seluas 30.000 m 2 dan karyawan sebanyak 207 orang. Dari perhitungan evaluasi ekonomi diperoleh fixed capital sebesar Rp 69.703.191.344,20 + $26.617.585,35, working capital sebesar $52.550.294,05 + Rp9.346.850.716,10; ROI sebelum pajak 60,81 %, ROI setelah pajak 31,90 %, POT sebelum pajak 1,35 tahun, POT setelah pajak 2,39 tahun, BEP sebesar 53,69 % , SDP sebesar 38,84 % dan DCFRR sebesar 21,67 %. Dari hasil perhitungan di atas, maka Pabrik Toluene-2,4-diamine (diaminotoluene, TDA) dari 2,4 dinitrotoluene (DNT) dan gas hydrogen menarik untuk dikaji lebih lanjut.

Toluene-2,4-diamine plant (diaminotoluenen, TDA) made of 2,4 dinitrotoluene (DNT) and hydrogen gas is designed to operate continuously for 330 days / year with a capacity of 75,000 tons / year. In the manufacturing process, dissolved DNT in methanol is reacted with hydrogen gas in the presence of Raney-nickel in agitated slurry reactors with sparger which work continuously. The obtained TDA produced is separated from the solvent, water and unreacted DNT by distillation. Crystallization process and reduction of the liquid concentration process is performed next in order to obtain a solid product of TDA with a minimum purity of 95%. For producing 75,000 tonnes of TDA/ year, the amount of required DNT and hydrogen gas is 123.807,82 tons/year and 8.200,37 tons/year, respectively. In addition to that, 13.216,90 tons/year 98% methanol solutions are needed to dissolve DNT. As for the utility and process, 229.859,4 m 3 /year of water required is obtained from sea water. 768,76 kW of electricity and 57,03 m 3 /year fuel are also needed. The factory is planned to be established in 2016 in Bontang, East Kalimantan. The location of the plant is near the sea port in an area of 30,000 m2 and a staff of 207 people. From the calculation of the economic evaluation, fixed capital calculated Rp 69.703.191.344,20 + $26.617.585,35, working capital calculated $52.550.294,05 + Rp9.346.850.716,10; ROI before taxes 60,81 %, ROI after taxes 31,90 %, POT before taxes 1,35 years, POT after tax 2,39 years, BEP of 53,69 %, SDP of 38,84 % and DCFRR calculated 21,67 %. From the calculation above, toluene diamine plant from 2,4-dinitrotoluene and hydrogen gas which categorized as high risk plant is interesting to be studied further.

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