AKTIVITAS INHIBISI α-AMILASE DAN α-GLUKOSIDASE OLEH EKSTRAK POLISAKARIDA DAN SENYAWA POLIFENOL DARI Eucheuma denticulatum DAN Sargassum hystrix

AGUNG GIRI SAMUDRA, Prof. Dr. Agung Endro Nugroho, M.Si, Apt.

2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Farmasi

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan sifat penghambatan polisakarida dan polifenol Eucheuma denticulatum dan Sargassum hystrix terhadap karbohidrat enzim hidrolisis (α-amilase dan α-glukosidase) secara in vitro. Ekstrasi karagenan alga laut Eucheuma denticulatum menggunakan larutan kalium hidroksida 0,5%. Ekstraksi natrium alginat alga laut Sargassum hystrix menggunakan larutan natrium karbonat 4%. Polifenol diekstraksi dengan 50% (v/v) metanol. Identifikasi karagenan dan alginat ditentukan dengan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Kandungan total fenol ekstrak ditentukan menurut metode Folin-Ciocalteu. Kemudian hasil ekstraksi diuji daya hambat aktivitas α- amilase dan α-glukosidase. Ekstrak Eucheuma denticulatum yaitu karagenan dan polifenol mempunyai kemampuan menghambat aktivitas IC50 α-amilase yaitu 12,16 dan 11,64 mg/mL sedangkan IC50 α-glukosidase tidak teridentifikasi. Ekstrak Sargassum hystrix yaitu alginat dan polifenol mempunyai kemampuan menghambat aktivitas IC50 α-amilase yaitu 15,75 dan 11,26 mg/mL sedangkan IC50 α-glukosidase ekstrak karagenan tidak teridentifikasi dan ekstrak polifenol 9,57 mg/mL. Polifenol Sargassum hystrix memiliki daya inhibisi α-amilase dan α-glukosidase yang tertinggi dari ekstrak karagenan, alginat dan polifenol Eucheuma denticulatum.

Alginate and polyphenol extract of Sargassum histrix and carrageenan and polyphenols extract of Eucheuma denticulatum were tested for their ability to inhibit carbohydrate hydrolysis enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) by in vitro methods. Extraction of alginate from Eucheuma denticulatum was using 0.5% KOH solution. Sodium alginate was extracted from Sargassum histrix by using 4% Na2CO3 solution. Polyphenols were extracted from both marine algae by using 50% (v/v). Identification of carrageenan and alginate was determined by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Infrared spectra of polysaccharide standards (κ- carrageenan standard and sodium alginate standard) were obtained as comparison. Total polyphenols contents from the extracts were determined according to the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Carrageenan and polyphenols extracts from Eucheuma denticulatum showed the ability to inhibit the activity of α-amylase with an IC50 12.16 and 11.64 mg / mL and no inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase with an IC50. Alginate and polyphenols extracts from Sargassum hystrix showed the ability to inhibit the activity of α-amylase with an IC50 15.75 and 11.26 mg / mL and polyphenols inhibit the activity of α- glucosidase with an IC50 9.57 mg / mL. Polyphenols extract from Sargassum hystrix were more effective to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase than extract alginate from Sargassum hystrix, and carrageenan and polyphenols extract from Eucheuma denticulatum.

Kata Kunci : Eucheuma denticulatum, Sargassum hystrix, polisakarida, polifenol, α-amilase, α-glukosidase