ANALISIS DISTRIBUSI APOTEK DI TIGA KECAMATAN DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN, DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA, BERDASARKAN METODE SPATIAL ON LINE ANALYTICAL PROCESSING (SOLAP)

Rosa Adelina, Prof. Dr. Ibnu Gholib Gandjar, DEA, Apt.

2013 | Tesis | S2 Mag.Manaj.Farmasi

Ketersediaan obat terkait dengan distribusi apotek. Sementara itu, Sistem Informasi Kesehatan (SIK) yang menyangkut aspek spasial belum berjalan optimal di instansi kesehatan sehingga informasi yang diperoleh sangat sedikit. Pada umumnya, analisis yang ditampilkan secara online adalah analisis numerik yang dirasa belum cukup memadai sehingga diperlukan analisis kombinasi yang melibatkan data spasial yang dikenal sebagai Spatial On Line Analytical Processing (SOLAP). Kabupaten Sleman yang merupakan bagian dari Provinsi DIY merupakan salah satu daerah yang menerapkan SIK namun keterampilan personel dan perangkat yang memadai masih menjadi kendala dalam integrasi data. Oleh karenanya, sebuah software berbasis SOLAP akan ditawarkan dalam tesis ini untuk memetakan apotek, mengetahui aksesibilitas antar apotek dan gambaran distribusi apotek di Kabupaten Sleman, DIY. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimental yang bersifat deskriptif analitik menggunakan software berbasis SOLAP. Data awal berupa nama dan alamat apotek didapatkan dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Sleman dan PD IAI DIY yang digeoreferensikan pada website dan dilakukan analisis rasio apotek per penduduk dan analisis spasial antar apotek. Aksesibilitas antar apotek dilihat dari jarak terdekat, jarak terjauh, dan jarak rerata antar apotek yang dihitung menggunakan jarak riil, rumus Haversin, dan rumus ‘Spherical Law’. Selain itu aksesibilitas juga dilihat dari jarak antar apotek yang berada dalam radius 500 dan 1.500 m. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan adalah rasio apoteker di Kabupaten Sleman sebesar 1: 3.437 per penduduk. Distribusi apoteker paling sedikit dan paling banyak masing-masing sebesar 1:12.426 per penduduk (Kecamatan Moyudan) dan 1:1.161 per penduduk (Kecamatan Depok). Berdasarkan analisis jarak antar apotek, jarak paling dekat dan paling jauh masing sebesar 10,40 m (Kecamatan Depok) dan 8.202,05 m (Kecamatan Prambanan). Jarak rerata terpendek dan terjauh masing-masing sebesar oleh 1.403,13m (Kecamatan Moyudan) dan 4.024,1m (Kecamatan Prambanan). Berdasarkan jarak terdekat, hanya kecamatan Depok yang memiliki jarak antar apotek < 500 m dan ketiga kecamatan memiliki jarak antar apotek < 1,5 km.

The availability of drugs were associated with pharmacies’ distribution. Meanwhile, Health Information Systems (HIS) concerning spatial aspects haven’t run optimally in health agencies so that the information were gained very little. In general, the online analysis was displayed as numerical analysis so it required a combination analysis involving spatial data, known as Spatial On Line Analytical Processing (SOLAP). The Sleman regency, which is part of DIY is one of government that applied HIS in the institusion but inadequate personnel and devices were still obstacles in data integration. Therefore, a software-based SOLAP will be offered in this thesis to map the pharmacies, find out the accessibility between pharmacies and pharmacies’ distribution analysis in Sleman Regency, DIY. This research is non-experimental and descriptive analytic using softwarebased SOLAP. The preliminary data was obtained from Sleman District Health Office and PD IAI DIY then georeferenced and analyzed. The analysis were the pharmacies ratio per inhabitant, the accessibility between pharmacies (the nearest, the farthest, and the mean distance) which were calculated by real distance, Haversin, and Spherical Law formula. Besides that, the accessibility was also seen from the distance between pharmacies are located within a radius of 500 and 1.500 m. The results obtained were the ratio of pharmacists in Sleman regency of 1:3.437 per inhabitant. Distribution of pharmacists at least and at most, respectively 1:12.426 per inhabitant (Moyudan Sub-District) and 1:1.161 per inhabitant (Depok Sub-District). Based on the analysis of the distance between pharmacies, the closest and farthest distance amounted to 10.40m (Depok Sub- District) and 8.202,05m (Prambanan Sub-District). The shortest and longest average distance respectively by 1.403,13m (Moyudan Sub-District) and 4.024,1m (Prambanan Sub-District). Based on the nearest distance, Depok was the only sub-district that has distance between pharmacies <500 m and the distance between pharmacies in three sub-districts were <1.5 km.

Kata Kunci : Distribusi Apotek, SOLAP, Kabupaten Sleman