STUDI ANATOMI CATECHOLAMINE MESOLIMBIC PATHWAY PADA KALONG KAPAUK (Pteropus vampyrus) ASAL PULAU TIMOR

FILPHIN ADOLFIN AMALO, Dr. drh. Tri Wahyu Pangestiningsih, MP.

2013 | Tesis | S2 Sain Veteriner

m Catecholamine esolimbic pathway (CMP) merupakan jalur dopamin pada otak yang berasal dari badan neuron di ventral tegmental area (VTA) menuju ke daerah limbik yaitu nucleus accumbens, amigdala dan hipokampus. Pada kondisi normal, CMP berperan dalam berbagai fungsi otak diantaranya kontrol aktivitas motorik, motivasi, gangguan emosi dan kognitif. Kelelawar merupakan mamalia terbang yang dapat berperan sebagai reservoir alami penyakit rabies. Salah satu gejala hewan penderita rabies adalah gangguan dalam kontrol emosi yang terkait dengan kerja sistem limbik. Kalong kapauk (Pteropus vampyrus) merupakan salah satu spesies kelelawar yang terdistribusi di Sumatera selatan, Jawa, Kalimantan, dan tersebar hingga ke Pulau Timor NTT. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari bagaimana struktur anatomi CMP pada kalong kapauk (Pteropus vampyrus) sebagai kelelawar yang ada di pulau Timor. Empat ekor kalong kapauk (Pteropus vampyrus) dari Kabupaten Soe, Nusa Tenggara Timur dianastesi menggunakan ketamin (dosis 20 mg/kg bb) dan xylazin (dosis 2 mg/kg bb). Pada kondisi teranastesi dalam, hewan diperfusi menggunakan NaCl fisiologis dilanjutkan dengan formalin buffer 10%. Otak dipreparir, dipotong secara midsagital dan diproses untuk pemeriksaan histologi dengan metode parafin. Otak disayat dengan ketebalan 12 µm kemudian diwarnai cresyl echt violet serta pewarnaan imunohistokimia menggunakan antibodi terhadap TH. Dilakukan pengamatan terhadap bentuk dan ukuran neuron katekolaminergik penyusun CMP serta jalur akson katekolamin dan hasilnya dianalisis secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan mikroskopis terlihat bahwa neuron di VTA berbentuk bipolar dan multipolar dengan ukuran neuron 10-32 µm (rerata 20,31 ± 4,40 µm) dan kepadatan 15,33 ± 5,71 sel/0,116 mm 2. Area nucleus accumbens,amigdala, dan area cornua ammonis 3 hipokampus terlihat imunoreaktif terhadap TH, merupakan akson terminal. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah adanya neuron katekolaminergik di VTA yang membentuk jalur area limbik yaitu nucleus accumbens, amigdala, dan area cornua ammonis 3 hipokampus.

Catecholamine mesolimbic pathway (CMP) is a dopamine pathways of the brain that derived from cell bodies in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the limbic area i.e. nucleus accumbens, amygdala and hippocampus. In normal conditions, CMP plays a role as controls of motor activity, motivation, emotional and cognitive. Bats are flying mammals which can be potential as natural reservoir of rabies. One of the symptoms of animal rabies is impaired in emotional control that related with limbic system. Kalong kapauk (Pteropus vampyrus) is one of the species of bats that distributed in south Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and spread out to the island of Timor, East Nusa Tenggara. The aim of this research is studying the anatomical structures in CMP of kalong kapauk (Pteropus vampyrus) from Timor island. Four kalong kapauk (Pteropus vampyrus) from Soe-Timor island, East Nusa Tenggara was anaesthetized by using ketamine (20 mg/kg bw) and xylazin (2 mg/kg bw). In deep anesthesia condition, animals were perfused by using physiological saline and after the blood were removed well, the physiological saline were changed to 10% buffered formalin as a fixative. The brain were removed from the cranium, dissected midsagital and processed for histology by paraffin method. The brains were cut in 12 µm thickness and then it stained by using cresyl echt violet and immunohistochemistry by tyrosine hydroxilase antibody. The sections were examined for shape and size of neurons in the VTA and their axonal pathways by light microscope and were documented using a digital camera. The results were analyzed descriptively. The results shows that neurons in the VTA are bipolar and multipolar in shape with the size of 10-32 µm (mean 20.31 ± 4.40 µm) and densities are 15.33 ± 5.71 cells/0,116 mm 2. The area of nucleus accumbens, amygdala, and cornua ammonis 3 of hippocampal are TH immunoreactive as the axon terminal. The conclusion of this study is there are catecholaminergic neurons in the VTA that made an area limbic pathways i.e. nucleus accumbens, amygdala, and cornua ammonis 3 of hippocampal.

Kata Kunci : Catecholamine esolimbic pathway, Pteropus vampyrus, tirosin hidroksilase, pewarnaan imunohistokimia