EFEKTIVITAS SINTESIS HIDROKSIKALKON MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS NaOH DAN NaOH+ZrO2 MONTMORILONIT MELALUI METODE KONVENSIONAL, MICROWAVE ASSISTED ORGANIC SYNTHESIS (MAOS) DAN SONOKIMIA

WISNU PAMBUDI, Dr. Winarto Haryadi, M.Si.,

2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kimia

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki efektivitas sintesis hidroksikalkon. Sintesis hidroksikalkon dilakukan menggunakan 3 metode yaitu metode konvensional, metode Microwave Assisted Organic Synthesis (MAOS) dan metode sonokimia. Penggunaan metode microwave dan sonokimia merupakan inovasi alternatif pada prinsip “green chemistry”. Analisis terhadap produk yang dihasilkan dengan, KLT, FTIR, TLC scanner dan H-NMR. Sintesis senyawa hidroksikalkon dilakukan dengan mereaksikan asetofenon dengan hidroksibenzaldehida selama 3 jam untuk metode konvensional, 30-50 detik untuk metode MAOS dan 30 menit untuk metode sonokimia menggunakan katalis NaOH. Penambahan ZrO2 montmorilonit kedalam sistem reaksi dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap pembentukan produk. 2-hidrosikalkon yang dihasilkan menggunakan katalis NaOH dengan metode konvensional, MAOS dan sonokimia berturut-turut yaitu 10,37%, 40,35% dan 31,62%. Produk 2-hidroksikalkon dengan katalis NaOH+ZrO2 montmorilonit berturut-turut yaitu 24,31%, 47,87% and 35,00%. 3-hidroksikalkon yang dihasilkan dengan katalis NaOH berturut-turut yaitu 12,72%, 65,77% and 55,56%, sedangkan produk 3-hidroksikalkon yang menggunakan katalis NaOH+ZrO2 montmorilonit diperoleh sebesar 33,16%, 69,55% and 63,95%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode MAOS memberikan efektivitas waktu reaksi yang lebih baik dan penambahan ZrO2 montmorilonit meningkatkan efektivitas reaksi.

The aim of this research is to investigate the effectiveness synthesis of hydroxychalcone. Synthesis of hydroxychalcone was conducted using 3 methods: conventional method, Microwave Assisted Organic Synthesis (MAOS) method and sonochemical method and NaOH, NaOH+ZrO2-montmorillonite as catalyst. Microwave method and sonochemical method are an alternatively innovation of the principle of green chemistry. The products were analyzed by TLC, FTIR, TLC scanner and 1H-NMR. Synthesis of hydroxychalcone was carried out between acetophenone and hydroxybenzaldehide in 3 hours for conventional method, 30-50 seconds for microwave and 30 minutes for sonochemical catalyzed by NaOH. A certain amount of ZrO2-montmorillonite was added into the reaction system to determine its effect on the product of the three methods. 2-hydroxychalcone was produced through conventional, MAOS and sonochemical methods by NaOH catalyst were 10.37%, 40.35% and 31.62% respectively. 2-hydroxychalcone catalyzed by NaOH+ZrO2-montmorillonite catalyst were 24.31%, 47.87% and 35.00% respectively. For 3-hydroxychalcone catalyzed by NaOH were 12.72%, 65.77% and 55.56% respectively. For 3-hydroxychalcone catalyzed by NaOH+ZrO2-montmorillonite catalyst 33.16%, 69.55% and 63.95% respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the MAOS method provide a faster reaction time and the addition of ZrO2- montmorillonite catalyst increase the effectiveness of the reaction.

Kata Kunci : hidroksikalkon, ZrO2 montmorilonit, microwave, sonokimia