PENGARUH KOMBINASI FRAKSI TAK LARUT n-HEKSAN EKSTRAK ETANOLIK HERBA SAMBILOTO (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees) DAN FRAKSI LARUT ETIL ASETAT EKSTRAK ETANOLIK PROPOLIS TERHADAP KADAR TRIGLISERIDA TIKUS WISTAR JANTAN RESISTEN INSULIN

ABIGAIL CHRISTINE ANGELINA, Prof. Dr. Suwidjiyo Pramono, DEA, Apt.

2013 | Skripsi | FARMASI

Obesitas merupakan faktor terkait peningkatan berbagai penyakit, seperti dislipidemia. Pasien obesitas dengan resistensi insulin, kelebihan glukosa diubah menjadi trigliserida, disimpan dalam sel tubuh, menyebabkan kerusakan oksidatif. fraksi tak larut n-heksan ekstrak etanolik sambiloto terbukti menurunkan kadar glukosa serum, sedangkan ekstrak etanolik propolis menurunkan kadar trigliserida. Penelitian ini hendak mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kombinasi FTS (Fraksi Tak Larut n-Heksan Ekstrak Etanolik Sambiloto) dan FEP (Fraksi Larut Etil Asetat Ekstrak Etanolik Propolis) terhadap kadar trigliserida, dibandingkan pemberian FTS tunggal. FTS diperoleh dari maserasi serbuk sambiloto dengan etanol 96%, difraksinasi dengan n-heksan. FEP diperoleh dari maserasi serbuk propolis dengan etanol 50%, difraksinasi dengan etil asetat. Digunakan tikus jantan (Rattus norvegicus) galur Wistar dikelompokkan menjadi 5 kelompok, masing-masing 6 ekor, dibagi menjadi kontrol normal, kontrol negatif (akuades), kontrol positif (metformin 9mg/200gBB), FTS tunggal (58,55mg/200gBB), dan kombinasi FTS dan FEP (58,55 mg/200gBB+32,15 mg/200gBB). Tikus dibuat resisten insulin dengan pemberian diet lemak tinggi dan fruktosa selama 60 hari. Ekstrak diberikan hari ke-35 hingga ke-60. Kadar trigliserida ditetapkan hari ke-0, 35, dan 60 dengan metode Enzymatic Colorimetric Test. Kadar trigliserida darah sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan diuji dengan Wilcoxon kemudian persentase kadar trigliserida kelompok sediaan uji diuji dengan Kruskal Wallis taraf kepercayaan 95%. Rendemen FTS 90,31% dan FEP 80,38%. Kadar Glukosa meningkat dan resisten insulin tercapai, tetapi kadar trigliserida justru menunjukkan penurunan pada semua kelompok setelah pemberian diet lemak tinggi dan fruktosa, dikarenakan kondisi pakan yang kurang acceptable dan nafsu makan tikus yang berkurang. Kesimpulannya, pemberian FTS tunggal maupun kombinasi FTS dan FEP tidak mempengaruhi kadar trigliserida tikus wistar jantan resisten insulin.

Obesity is a factor related to the development of various diseases, such as dyslipidemia. In obese patients with insulin resistance, the excess of glucose is converted into triglycerides, stored in the body's cells, which then cause oxidative damage. The insoluble fraction n-hexane of sambiloto ethanolic extract showed to decrease glucose levels of serum, while the ethanolic extract of propolis lowered triglyceride levels. This research aims to determine the effect of the combination of FTS (insoluble fraction n-hexane of sambiloto ethanolic extract) and FEP(soluble fraction ethyl acetate of propolis ethanolic extract) on levels of triglycerides, when compared with the administration of single FTS. FTS is obtained from the maceration of sambiloto powder with 96% ethanol, and fractionated with n-hexane. FEP is obtained from the maceration of propolis powder with 50% ethanol, andfractionatedwithethylacetate. Wistarmale rats wereusedanddivided into 5 groups containing 6 rats each, and then divided into control groups namely (1) standard feed, (2) DLT+fructose, (3) metformin 9mg/200gBB, (4) single FTS (58.55 mg/200gBB), and (4) the combination of FTS and FEP (58.55 mg/200gBBmg/200gBB+32.15). The rats were madeinsulin resistant by administering diets high on fat and fructose for 60days. The extract was given on day 35until the 60th. Meanwhile triglyceride levels were seton days 0, 35, and 60 by the method of Enzymatic Colorimetric Test. The blood triglyceride levels in before and after treatment were tested with Wilcoxon, then the percentage of triglycerides dosage groups were tested with the Kruskal Wallis test standard of 95%. The yield was 90.31% FTS and 80.38% FEP. The glucose levels rose and insulin resistance was reached, but there was showed a decrease of triglyceride levels in all groups after the a dministration of high fat diets and fructose, due to the less acceptable condition of the feed and the reduced appetite of the rats. In conclusion, the administration of a single or combination of FTS and FEP does not affect the triglyceride levels of insulin resistant maleWistar rats.

Kata Kunci : herba sambiloto, propolis, kadar trigliserida