HUBUNGAN ANTARA TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN OSTEOPOROSIS DENGAN AKTIVITAS FISIK PADA WANITA MENOPAUSE

LILIK CANDRADEWI, Elsi Dwi Hapsari.,S.Kp, MS., DS.

2013 | Skripsi | ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang : Penurunan estrogen yang terjadi pada wanita menopause dapat meningkatkan resiko osteoporosis. Kesadaran dan pengetahuan mengenai pencegahan osteoporosis masih rendah. Pengetahuan tentang osteoporosis berkontribusi dalam pencegahan osteoporosis seperti aktivitas fisik. Namun masih sedikit informasi yang menjelaskan hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan osteoporosis dengan aktivitas fisik pada wanita menopause. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan osteoporosis dengan aktivitas fisik pada wanita menopause di Dusun Seyegan, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Metode : Penelitian non eksperimental dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Dusun Seyegan Sleman pada bulan Februari sampai Maret 2013 dengan jumlah subyek 40 orang. Kriteria inklusi meliputi menopause minimal 1 tahun, berumur 50- 69 tahun, tinggal di dusun Seyegan, tidak buta huruf, dan bersedia menjadi responden. Kriteria eksklusi meliputi memiliki penyakit kronis (penyakit jantung, stroke, diabetes melitus), mengalami gangguan fisik yang menyebabkan bedrest saat pengambilan data, gangguan jiwa, dan mengalami histerektomi. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan osteoporosis Hutasoit (2004) (reliabilitas=0,8387), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) (r=0,3) ,Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) (cronbach’s alpha=0,84), dan diary aktivitas fisik. Uji Fisher digunakan dalam analisis data. Hasil : Sebanyak 42,5% responden mempunyai pengetahuan osteoporosis yang cukup. Lebih dari sebagian responden (72,5%) memiliki aktivitas fisik yang sedang. Hasil uji statistic menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan osteoporosis dengan aktivitas fisik (p= 0,270) dan antara gejala menopause dengan aktivitas fisik (p=1,000). Kesimpulan : Wanita menopause dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan osteoporosis dan aktivitas fisik yang dapat mencegah osteoporosis.

Background : The reduction of estrogen occur on menopausal women could increase the risk of osteoporosis. The awareness and knowledge of osteoporosis prevention are low. Knowledge of osteoporosis contributes in prevention of osteoporosis such as physical activity. However, there is still a little information about the association between knowledge of osteoporosis and physical activity in menopausal women. Objective: To determine the association between knowledge of osteoporosis and physical activity in menopausal women in Seyegan village, Sleman district, Yogyakarta. Method : It was a non experimental study with cross sectional design. This study done in Seyegan village, Sleman district and was undertaken from February to March 2013 with 40 women as subject. The inclusion criteria were they had menopausal minimum for one year, age 50 – 69 years old, lived in Seyegan, liter literacy, and willing to been respondent. The exclusion criteria were they had chronic diseases (heart diseases, stroke, diabetes), physical disruption that could cause bedrest, psychological disruption and hysterectomy. Data were obtained using questionnaire of osteoporosis knowledge by Hutasoit (2004) (reliability=0,8387), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) (r=0,3) ,Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) (cronbach’s alpha=0,84), physical activity diary. Fisher test was used to analyze data. Result : As many as 42,5% had enough knowledge of osteoporosis. More than half of respondents (72,5%) had moderate physical activity. There were no association between knowledge of osteoporosis and physical activity in menopausal women (p=0,270) and between menopausal symptoms with physical activity (p=1,000). Conclusion : Menopausal women could increase their knowledge of osteoporosis and physical activity to prevent osteoporosis.

Kata Kunci : osteoporosis, aktivitas fisik, wanita menopause