ANALISIS PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL PADI SAWAH (Oryza sativa L.) PADA SISTEM PERTANIAN KONVENSIONAL, TRANSISI ORGANIK, DAN ORGANIK

EVAN MUNGGARA AGUNG, Prof. Dr. Ir. Didik Indradewa

2013 | Skripsi | AGRONOMI

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi gaya hidup sehat kembali ke alam dengan praktik pertanian organik. Pertanian padi organik belum banyak membahas tentang perubahan hasil dari sistem budidaya secara konvensional ke arah transisi organik dan organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan pengaruh cara tanam konvensional, transisi organik, dan organik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lahan petani Desa Tirtosari, Kecamatan Sawangan, Kabupaten Magelang, Jawa Tengah, pada bulan Desember 2011 sampai April 2012 dengan menggunakan varietas padi menthik wangi susu. Penelitian disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) terdiri atas 5 perlakuan yaitu konvensional, 3 aras transisi organik, dan organik. masing-masing perlakuan diulang 4 kali sehingga total percobaan sebanyak 20 unit. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis varian (Anova) dan dilanjut uji DMRT dengan tingkat signifikansi 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan padi berbeda pada cara tanam konvensional, transisi organik dan organik. Perubahan budidaya padi secara konvensional ke arah transisi organik menyebabkan penurunan pertumbuhan ditahap awal peralihan dan kembali naik ke tahap transisi organik berikutnya hingga menjadi organik. Untuk hasil panen perubahan budidaya padi secara konvensional ke arah transisi organik mengalami sedikit peningkatan dan terus meningkat hingga organik. Hasil panen cara tanam konvensional sebanyak 3,05 ton/ha, transisi organik 1 3,06 ton/ha, transisi organik 2 3,48 ton/ha, transisi organik 3 3,59 ton/ha, dan organik 4,86 ton/ha. Hasil panen cara tanam konvensional rendah karena saat penelitian dilakukan tanaman terserang sundep sedangkan transisi organik dan organik tidak.

A research motivated by the trend of healthy living, back to nature, and practice of organic agriculture, and then organic rice farming haven’t much discused about yield from conventional to organic transitional and organic crops. This study aims to observe and compare the efect of conventional, organic transitional, and organic crops. This research conducted in farmers fields on Tirtosari Village, Sawangan, Magelang regency, Central Java, in December 2011 until April 2012 used menthik wangi susu rice variety. Research compiled in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consists of 5 treatments. they were conventional, 3 levels organic transitional, and organic. every treatment was repeated 4 times for a total of 20 experimental units. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued by DMRT test with 95% of significance level. The results showed that the growth of rice planting in the conventional, organic transitional and organic crops were different. The convertion from conventional rice cultivation towards organic transitional causes a decrease in the growth at juvenil and return up to the next stage of transitional until become organic. On rice yield, a change in the conventional cultivation toward organic transitional has slightly increased and keep on rise until organic. Conventional planting method yields are 3.05 tons/ha, organic transitional 1 planting method yields are 3.06 tons/ha, organic transitional 2 planting method yields are 3.48 ton/ha, organic transitional 3 planting method yields are 3.59 ton/ha, and organic planting method yields are 4.86 tons/ha. On the conventional planting method have a low yield because a plant atacked by sundep pest. But not on organic transitional and organic.

Kata Kunci : konvensional, transisi organik, organik, menthik wangi susu, pertumbuhan, hasil panen