ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI Aeromonas sp. DARI LELE DUMBO (Clarias sp.) DI KABUPATEN NGAWI

SRI REJEKI, Dr. Ir. Murwantoko, M.Si.

2013 | Skripsi | BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi, mengidentifikasi dan mengetahui pathogenisitas bakteri Aeromonas sp. dari lele dumbo (Clarias sp.). Sampel ikan lele didapatkan dari tiga kecamatan di Kabupaten Ngawi. Terdapat 15 isolat dari hasil isolasi kemudian dilanjutkan uji postulat Koch dengan suntikan 0,1 ml/ekor dan diamati gejala eksternal dan internalnya. Karakterisasi dan identifikasi melalui pengujian morfologi sel, morfologi koloni, fisiologi dan uji biokimia. Uji patogenisitas dilakukan dengan cara penyuntikan pada konsentrasi 104,106,108 cfu/ml pada lele ukuran 7-9 cm. Patogenisitas bakteri didasarkan pada nilai Lethal Dosage 50 (LD50). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 12 isolat (GKJ1, GKJ3, GKJ4, GGN1, GGN2, GGN3, GGN4, GGN5, GGN6, GPR2, GPR3 dan GPR4) teridentifikasi sebagai bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila dengan persentase kesesuaian berturut-turut 96,67%, 93,33%, 93,33%, 90%, 90%, 90%, 86,67%, 96,67%, 86,67%, 93,33%, 90% dan 90%. Gejala penyakit yang terserang bakteri secara umum berupa luka borok pada kulit, pembengkakan pada bagian perut dan kerusakan ginjal. Isolat A. hydrophila GKJ1, GKJ4, GGN2, GGN5, GPR2 dan GPR4 bersifat virulen terhadap lele dumbo dengan LD50 (1,55 x 106), (3,89 x 106), (7,24 x 106), (2,39 x 106), (6,61 x 105) dan (1,95 x 105 cfu/ml). Tiga isolat (GKJ2, GKJ5 dan GPR1) teridentifikasi sebagai bakteri A. salmonicida dengan persentase kesesuaian berturut-turut 86,67%, 83,33% dan 83,33%.

This objective of the research was to study isolation, identification and pathogenicity Aeromonas bacteria on African catfish (Clarias sp.). The samples of African catfish have been obtained from three sub district in Ngawi regency. There were 15 isolates obtained were injected (0,1 ml/fish) to African catfish based on Koch postulates test, external and internal symptomps of African catfish were observed. Characterization and identification through morphology of bacterial colonies and cells, physiological and biochemical test. Pathogenicity test was done by injected with concentrate of 104, 106, 108 cfu/ml in 7-9 cm catfish size. Bacterial pathogenecity based on value of Lethal Dosage (LD50). The result showed 12 isolates (GKJ1, GKJ3, GKJ4, GGN1, GGN2, GGN3, GGN4, GGN5, GGN6, GPR2, GPR3 and GPR4) were identified as Aeromonas hydrophila with percentage values of 96,67%, 93,33%, 93,33%, 90%, 90%, 90%, 86,67%, 96,67%, 86,67%, 93,33%, 90% and 90%. The disease symptoms which attacted by the bacteria generally were skin ulcer, abdominal swelling and kidney damage. Isolate of A. hydrophila GKJ1, GKJ4, GGN2, GGN5, GPR2 and GPR4 were virulent on African catfish with LD50 values of (1,55 x 106), (3,89 x 106), (7,24 x 106), (2,39 x 106), (6,61 x 105) and (1,95 x 105 cfu/ml). Three isolates (GKJ2, GKJ5 and GPR1) were identified as A. salmonicida with percentage values of 86,67%, 83,33% and 83,33% .

Kata Kunci : Aeromonas, identifikasi, lele dumbo, patogenisitas