PERBEDAAN KADAR KALSIUM SALIVA ANTARA ANAK BEBAS KARIES DAN PENDERITA KARIES RAMPAN USIA 4 - 5 TAHUN (Kajian di PAUD Cempaka Sewon Bantul)

AULIA ROBBANI, Drg. Putri Kusuma W M, M.Kes, Sp.KGA(K)

2013 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER GIGI

Kalsium merupakan salah satu komponen elektrolit penting dalam saliva yang menunjang mekanisme pertahanan email gigi terhadap dekalsifikasi. Ion kalsium bersama dengan fosfat dan ion hidroksil akan memperbaiki kerusakan email dengan proses remineralisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar kalsium saliva antara anak bebas karies dan penderita karies rampan usia 4 - 5 tahun. Subyek adalah anak usia 4-5 tahun dengan kriteria kesehatan umum baik dan seluruh gigi masih desidui, 9 penderita karies rampan dan 11 bebas karies. Pengambilan saliva dilakukan satu jam setelah menyikat gigi pada pagi hari pada saat beraktifitas belajar mengajar dengan cara meludahkan saliva spontan tanpa stimulasi sebanyak 5ml. Sampel saliva diukur kadar kalsiumnya menggunakan alat atomic absorption spectrometry - flame (AAS Flame). Data kadar kalsium saliva dinyatakan dalam satuan mmol/l dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Mann- Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar kalsium saliva anak penderita karies rampan lebih rendah dibandingkan anak bebas karies, yaitu 1.39±0.47 dan 2.97±1.56. Analisis Mann-Whitney menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) antara rerata kadar kalsium anak penderita karies rampan dengan rerata kadar kalsium anak bebas karies. Disimpulkan bahwa kadar kalsium saliva pada anak bebas karies lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak penderita karies rampan usia 4-5 tahun.

Calcium is one of the electrolyte component which determine in buffer capacity of saliva. Its concentration in saliva as an important role in maintaining the defense mechanism of enamel. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference of calcium saliva level concentration between caries-free and caries rampant children aged 4-5 years old. Subjects were compared of 2 groups, namely 11 subjects caries-free and 9 caries rampant children were selected from members of PAUD Cempaka district Sewon, Bantul with criteria have no systemic disease, caries rampant subjects at least have four dentin caries of upper incisor. Saliva collected one hour after brushing teeth in the morning when the teaching and learning activities in a way spit 5 ml saliva spontaneously without stimulation. Calcium levels of saliva were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry - flame instrument (AAS-Flame). Data result of salivary calcium levels expressed in mmol / l and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. esult Analysis r showed calcium levels of saliva children with rampant caries was lower than caries free children 1.39 ± 0.47 and 2.97 ± 1.56. Mann- Whitney analysis results showed significant differences (p <0.05) between the mean of calcium levels children with rampant caries and caries-free children. Concluded that the level of salivary calcium of caries-free children was higher than children with rampant caries children aged 4-5 years old.

Kata Kunci : kadar kalsium saliva, karies rampan, bebas karies