ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI Verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) O157:H7 PADA SUSU DAN LINGKUNGAN DI DUSUN BOYONG DAN NGEPRING, KABUPATEN SLEMAN, YOGYAKARTA

JOSHUA LIEM TIONG GIE, Dr. drh. Yatri Drastini, M. Sc.

2013 | Skripsi | KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) O157:H7 merupakan patogen mayor yang bersifat zoonosis dan menyebabkan foodborne disease. Tinja sapi merupakan reservoir utama dari VTEC O157:H7. Verocytotoxigenic E. coli O157:H7 yang berasal dari tinja sapi dapat mencemari susu dan lingkungan. Keberadaan VTEC O157:H7 dalam susu merupakan sumber infeksi yang berbahaya bagi manusia. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 77 sampel, terdiri dari 27 sampel susu dan 50 sampel lingkungan. Sampel susu terdiri atas 14 sampel susu ambing sapi, 6 sampel susu milk can peternak, 4 sampel susu milk can Tempat Penampungan Susu (TPS), dan 3 sampel susu dari Cooling Unit (CU) pada koperasi susu di daerah Sleman, Yogyakarta. Sampel lingkungan terdiri atas 12 sampel air, 6 sampel pakan, 14 sampel tinja, 1 sampel tanah dan 12 sampel swab tangan pemerah susu. Isolasi E. coli O157:H7 dari sampel menggunakan media pemerkaya Kaldu Brilliant Green Lactose Bile (BGLB), dan media selektif Agar Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) dan Agar Sorbitol MacConkey (SMAC). Koloni bakteri yang diduga sebagai E. coli O157:H7 diidentifikasi dengan uji aglutinasi lateks O157 dan uji aglutinasi antisera H7. Hasil isolasi bakteri dari sampel susu dan lingkungan didapatkan 100% (77/77) bakteri tumbuh pada kaldu BGLB. Isolasi pada agar EMB menunjukkan 97,4% (75/77) sampel tercemar E. coli. Penanaman pada media agar SMAC menunjukkan bahwa 25,3% (19/75) koloni E. coli diduga VTEC O157:H7. Hasil uji aglutinasi latex O157 menunjukkan 15,8% (3/19) koloni terduga VTEC O157:H7 memiliki antigen O157. Sampel positif O157 berasal dari 1 sampel susu ambing, 1 sampel susu milk can peternak, dan 1 sampel pakan. Hasil uji aglutinasi antisera terhadap tiga sampel positif O157 tidak memiliki antigen H7. Identifikasi bakteri dari sampel susu menunjukkan 7,41% (2/27) sampel teridentifikasi E. coli O157. Identifikasi bakteri dari sampel lingkungan menunjukkan 2% (1/50) sampel teridentifikasi E. coli O157.

Verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) O157:H7 is a major zoonotic pathogen causing foodborne disease. Cow feces is a main reservoir for VTEC O157:H7. Verocytotoxigenic E. coli from cow feces can contaminate milk and environment. Verocytotoxigenic E. coli in milk can be a dangerous source of infection in human. There were 77 samples consist of 27 milk and 50 environment samples being used in this study. Milk samples consist of 14 milk samples from cow udder, 6 milk samples from farmer milk can, 4 milk samples from temporary milk collecting place (Tempat penampungan susu/TPS), and 3 milk samples from cooling unit of dairy cooperatives in Sleman, Yogyakarta. Environtment samples consist of 12 water samples, 6 cattle feed samples, 14 feces samples, 1 soil samples, and 12 milker’s palm swab samples. Escherichia coli O157:H7 from samples were isolated using Brilliant Green Lactose Bile (BGLB) brooth as enrichment media; and Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar and Sorbitol MacConkey (SMAC) agar as selective media. The colony of bacteria suspected as E. coli O157:H7 was identified with O157 latex agglutination test and H7 antisera agglutination test. The result of the isolation from milk and environtment samples grew in BGLB brooth was 100% (77/77). Isolation on EMB agar showed that 97,4% (75/77) samples were contaminated with E. coli. Culture in SMAC agar showed that 25,3% (19/75) colonies of bacteria were suspected as VTEC O157:H7. O157 latex agglutination test result were 15,8% (3/19) suspected colony has O157 antigen. The 3 positive samples were from cow udder milk, farmer milk can, and feed sample. H7 antisera agglutination test showed that none of the 3 sample has H7 antigen. Identification of bacteria from milk samples showed 7,41% (2/27) samples identified as E. coli O157. Identification of bacteria from environtment samples showed 2% (1/50) of samples identified as E. coli O157.

Kata Kunci : Escherichia coli, VTEC O157:H7, uji agglutinasi lateks