PENGARUH PEMBERIAN JUS BUAH KERSEN (Muntingia calabura) TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL PADA TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY DISLIPIDEMIA

LAILA MAKNUNAH, DR. Med. dr. Indwani Astuti

2013 | Skripsi | GIZI KESEHATAN

Latar Belakang : Dislipidemia merupakan faktor resiko terpenting dari Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK). Dislipidemia merupakan kelainan metabolisme lipid yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida, dan kolesterol LDL, serta penurunan HDL darah. Prevalensi hiperkolesterolemia sangat tinggi pada pasien PJK. Penurunan kadar kolesterol total dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian antioksidan. Buah kersen merupakan buah yang mengandung senyawa antioksidan diantaranya bersumber dari vitamin C sebesar 80,5 g/100 g buah. Tujuan : Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian jus buah kersen (Muntingia calabura) terhadap kadar kolesterol total tikus Sprague Dawley dislipidemia, mengetahui, mengetahui konsentrasi jus buah kersen (Muntingia calabura) yang optimal dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol total tikus Sprague Dawley dislipidemia, serta mengetahui efek preventif jus buah kersen (Muntingia calabura) sebagai makanan pendamping diet tinggi lemak terhadap kejadian dislipidemia pada tikus Sprague Dawley. Metode : Quasi eksperimental studi dengan desain pre and posttest with control group. Sebanyak 25 ekor tikus Spargue dawley setelah masa adaptasi selama 7 hari dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5). Tikus (K1, K2, K3, K4) kemudian diberi diet tinggi lemak dan jus buah kersen dosis 2 (K4) selama 35 hari. Pada masa pemberian iperlakuan yaitu Kontrol Sakit (K1), Jus Buah Kersen dosis 1 (1,15 ml.200 g BB) (K2), Jus Buah Kersen dosis 2 (2,3 ml/200 g BB) (K3), Kelompok preventif (diet tinggi lemak + jus buah kersen dosis 2) (K4), dan Kontrol normal (K5) selama 14 hari. Pengukuran kadar kolesterol total dilakukan setelah masa adaptasi (pretest), setelah pemberian diet tinggi lemak (midtest), dan setelah pemberian perlakuan (posttest). HASIL : Kadar kolesterol total sebelum dan sesudah pemberian perlakuan jus buah kersen mengalami penurunan signifikan (p<0,05), namun tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang signifikan pada kadar kolesterol total antar kelompok (p>0,05). Penurunan kadar kolesterol total pada K1 15,9%, K2 15,07%, K3 15,305%, K4 13,37%, dan K5 13,2%. KESIMPULAN : Jus buah kersen dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total tikus Sprague Dawley dislipidemia. Dosis 2 (2,3 ml/200 g BB) jus buah kersen merupakan dosis optimal penurun kadar kolesterol total. Jus buah kersen dapat digunakan sebagai pendamping mengonsumsi makanan tinggi lemak (upaya preventif) dengan kemampuan penurunan kolesterol total sebesar 13,37%.

Introduction : Dyslipidemia is the biggest risk factor of Coronary Hearth Disease (CHD). Dyslipidemia is lipid disorders marked by increasing of total cholesterol, triglyseride, and LDL-cholesterol, and decreasing of HDL-Cholesterol in plasma. The high prevalence of Hypercholesterolemia found in patient with CHD. Cholesterol lowering theraphy can be done by giving Jamaican Cherry. Jamaican Cherry contains active compound as antioxidant such as 80,5 g/100 g Jamaican cherry of Vitamin C. Objective : This study was performed to investigate the effect of Jamaican Cherry Juice (Muntingia calabura) to the level of total cholesterol of mice’s Sprague Dawley given high lipid diet, to investigate the optimal dose of Jamaican cherry(Muntingia calabura) juice in lowering total cholesterol in plasma, and to investigate the preventive effect of Jamaican cherry (Muntingia calabura) juice in mice’s of Sprague Dawley in high lipid diet. Method : Pre and Posttest with control group was used as design in this study. Twenty five males Sprague Dawley divided into 5 groups. K1 as normal control and K5 as sick control group. Group K2, K3, K4 as intervention group which is K4 is preventive group. Every group was adapted for 7 days got standard diet. All group received high lipid diet for 35 days (except K5), and preventive group received dose 2 (2,3ml/200 g BB) everyday. In 14 days intervention K2 got 1,15ml/200 g BB, K3 2,3 ml/200 g BB, K4 2,3 ml/200 g BB+high lipid diet. Their blood plasma were taken for measure of total cholesterol on 7th day adaptation, 35th day high lipid diet, and 14th intervention. Result : The result show that total cholesterol before and after giving Jamaican juice significantly different (p<0,05), but not significantly different among every group (p>0,05). The lowering of total cholesterol for each group is 15,9% (K1), 15,07% (K2), 15,305% (K3), 13,37% (K4), and 13,2% (K5). Conclusion : Jamaican juice has the lowering effect of total cholesterol in Dyslipidemia’s mice of Sprague Dawley. Optimal dose of lowering cholesterol total is 2,3ml/200 g BB. This Jamaican juice can also be put in high lipid diet as prevention of dyslipidemia which the lowering ability of total cholesterol is 13,37%.

Kata Kunci : Dislipidemia, Buah Kersen, Vitamin C, Kadar Kolesterol Total