Pengaruh electro convulsive therapy terhadap asupan makanan dan status gizi pasien skizofrenia di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Pusat Semarang

WINARDI, R. Soeprijono, dra. JE. Prawitasari, PhD

2001 | Tesis | S2 Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakana : Electro convulsive therapy (ECT) merupakan terapi paling efektif untuk pasien skizofrenia. Namun demikian belum banyak diketahui sejauh mana pengaruh terapi tersebut terhadap peningkatan asupan makanan setiap perlakuan dan status gizi pasien skizofrenia rawat inap di rumah sakit. Tuiuan Penelitian : Studi ini meneliti pengaruh ECT terhadap perubahan asupan makanan dan status gizi pasien skizofrenia rawat inap di rumah sakit. Metode Penelitian : Desain penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimental wjth two groups pre and post test (n=105). Asupan makanan diukur pada waktu pasien awal masuk dan setelah perlakuan ECT pertama, ke dua dan ke tiga dengan metode food weighing. Status gizi diukur ketika pasien masuk dan akan meninggalkan rumah sakit dengan metode antropometri melalui lndeks Massa Tubuh. Perbedaan rata-rata asupan makanan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan ECT diuji dengan menggunakan analisa statistik parametrik. Status gizi awal dan akhir diuji dengan menggunakan analisa statistik non parametrik. Kedua variabel dibandingkan di dalam kelompoknya maupun di antara dua kelompok. Hasil Penelitfan : Terdapat perbedaan rata-rata asupan makanan secara bemakna (pc0,05) antara dua kelompok perlakuan. Namun demikian, rata-rata asupan makanan pada kelompok perlakuan ECT secara bermakana (p<0,05) selalu lebih besar dari pada kelompok kontrol pada setiap tahap perlakuan. Tidak terdapat perbedaan secara bermakna (p>0,05) pengaruh ECT terhadap status gizi di dalam dan di antara kelompok penelitian. Kesimpulan : ECT mempengaruhi asupan makanan, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi status gizi pada pasien skizofrenia rawat inap di rumah sakit bila dilihat dari peningkatan jumlah asupan makanan dan indeks massa tubuh sebelum dan sesuda h perlakuan.

Backnrounds : Nectro convulsive therapy (ECT) has been the best therapy for schizophrenia patients. However, little was known about how along it's effects to increase the food consumption per treatment and the nutritional status of the schizophrenia patients care in hospital. Obiectives : This study investigated the effects of ECT on food consumption and nutritional status change of the schizophrenia hospital inpatients. Methods : The study design was quasi experimental with two groups pre and post test (n=105). Food consumption was measured when the patients entered and after being given first, second and third ECT treatment with weighing method. Nutritional status was measured when the patients entered and left the hospital with anthropometric method by Body Mass Index. The parametric statistical analysis was used to examine the pre and post differences of mean foods consumption. Nutrition status prevalence were examined with non parametric analysis. The both variables were compared within and between groups. Results : There were significant (p<0,05) differences on food consumption significant (p<0,05) on both groups. However, the increasing mean of food consumption of the ECT groups were higher significantly (pc0,05) than without ECT groups. The effects of ECT on nutritional status were not significant (p>0,05) between and within groups. Conclusions : The ECT effects on the food consumption of schizophrenia inpatient was seen from the increasing changes of total food intake, and body mass index before and after treatments, but none for the nutritional status

Kata Kunci : Gizi Pasien, Electro Convulsive Therapy, Rumah Sakit Jiwa, schizophrenia ; electro convulsive therapy ; food consumption ; nutritional status ; body mass index.