Relaksasi sebagai upaya mengurangi kecemasan menghadapi studi mahasiswa Akper Departemen Kesehatan Magelang

SASENO, dr. Moetrarsi, SKF.,DTM

2001 | Tesis | S2 Kesehatan Masyarakat

Berdasarkan hasil studi pendahuluan didapatkan data pars mahasiswa mengeluh otot-ototnya tegang, jantung berdebar-debar, sulit konsentrasi dan khawatir. Hal ini merupakan manifestasi dari adanya kecemasan. Salah satu cara untuk menurunkan kecemasan adalah relaksasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas relaksasi dalam mengurangi kecemasan menghadapi studi. Jenis penelitiannya adalah eksperimental dengan rancangan Randomized Control Group Pre-test Post-test Design. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa klas khusus (tugas belajar) semester III Akper Dep. Kes. Magelang. Jumlah subjek adalah 79 orang yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok secara acak. Kelompok I sebanyak 40 orang merupakan kelompok perlakuan, dan kelompok II sebanyak 39 orang merupakan kelompok kontrol. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Skala Kecemasan Menghadapi Studi (SKMS) dan Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (TMAS). Analisis yang- dipergunakan untuk menguji perbedaan skor kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol adalah program SPSS One-Way Student t test. Taraf signifikansi p = 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada saat pra uji tidak ada perbedaan kecemasan menghadapi studi dan kecemasan Umum antara kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol, akan tetapi pada saat pasca uji menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan antara kedua kelompok. Setelah diberi pelatihan relaksasi, tingkat kecemasan menghadapi studi dan kecemasan umum kelompok perlakuan lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa relaksasi efektif untuk mengurangi kecemasan menghadapi studi dan kecemasan umum yang dialami mahasiswa.

Bases on an implemented survey, it was found that student in the Nursing Academy of Department of Health Magelang, often complain that their muscle was tense, heart beat was rapid, difficult to concentrate and worry. This is the result of anxiety and indeed, one of the ways to decrease the anxiety was by relaxation. This research was aimed to examine the effectiveness of relaxation in decreasing the anxiety in facing study. This study is an experiment study using Randomized Control Group Pre-test Post-test Design. The subjects of this study were 79 students of third semester whose included in special class in Nursing Academy of Department of Health Magelang. The were randomly selected and divided into two groups. The first group had 40 people that considered as experiment group, and second group had 39 people that considered as control group. Instrument being used was Anxiety Scale in Facing Study and Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (TMAS). The analysis being used to test the difference of treatment and control group scores was SPSS One-Way Student t test with significance level of p=0,05. The result of this study showed that when the pre-test being done, there was no difference between mean score of the anxiety in facing study and mean score of the general anxiety between experimental group and control group. However, when the post-test being done, there was a significant difference between the two groups. After given relaxation, the anxiety scale in facing study and general anxiety of the experimental group was lower than control group. Therefore, it can be concluded that relaxation is very effective in decreasing the anxiety in facing study and general anxiety that were faced by the college students.

Kata Kunci : The anxiety in facing study, relaxation, college student, Kecemasan menghadapi studi, relaksasi, mahasiswa