PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SERBUK ALGA MERAH (Eucheuma spinosum) TERHADAP KADAR HDL DAN LDL PADA TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY YANG DIBERI DIET TINGGI LEMAK

DINNA AURORA M, Prof. Dr. Mustofa, M.Kes.

2013 | Skripsi | GIZI KESEHATAN

Dislipidemia merupakan kelainan metabolisme lipid yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar LDL dan penurunan HDL. Adanya kandungan serat larut (karaginan) dalam Eucheuma spinosum diduga dapat menurunkan kadar LDL dan meningkatkan kadar HDL. Tujuan : Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian serbuk alga E. spinosum terhadap kadar LDL dan HDL Tikus Sprague dawley yang diberi diet tinggi lemak. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimental dengan kontrol grup desain pretest dan posttest. Sebanyak 25 ekor tikus Sprague dawley jantan berumur 2 bulan dibagi dalam 5 kelompok. Kelompok kontrol(K+) adalah tikus diet standar, kelompok kontrol (K-) adalah tikus diet tinggi lemak, dan kelompok perlakuan (A,B,C) adalah tikus diet tinggi lemak ditambah serbuk E. spinosum yang berbeda konsentrasi yaitu 5 mg/ 200 grBB; 10 mg/ 200 grBB; dan 20mg/ 200 grBB. Perlakuan diberikan secara oral selama 30 hari. Kadar HDL dan LDL serum diukur pada sebelum, middle, dan akhir perlakuan. Hasil : Kadar HDL serum antar kelompok berbeda nyata (p<0,05) saat pretest. Peningkatan kadar HDL yang tidak signifikan pada kelompok A dan B (p>0,05) selama perlakuan. Kadar LDL serum antar kelompok berbeda nyata (p<0,05) pada midtest. Penurunan kadar LDL serum signifikan (p<0,05) pada kelompok B dan C setelah minggu keempat perlakuan. Kesimpulan : Pemberian serbuk alga dengan dosis 10 mg/ 200 grBB; dan 20mg/ 200 grBB dapat menurunkan kadar LDL secara signifikan di minggu ke empat.

Background : High fat diet become a risk factor of dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia is a common lipid disorder by an elevated LDL cholesterol level and decreased HDL cholesterol level. The presence of carrageenaan in Eucheuma spinosum allegedly have mechanism to reduce LDL and increase HDL cholesterol level in blood. Objective: The aim for this study was to assessed the effect of E. spinosum powder on LDL cholesterol level and HDL cholesterol level in rats with high fat diet. Method: Quasi-experimental research design study with pre and post test with control group design was performed on 25 males Sprague dawley rats aged 2 months. Group (K+) is a control with standar diet, Group (K-) is a control with high fat diet, and treatment groups (A,B,C) were given high fat diet and E.spinosum powder in different concentrations, that were 5 mg/ 200 grBB; 10 mg/ 200 grBB; dan 20mg/ 200 grBB, respectively. Treatment was given orally per day within 30 days. Level of HDL and LDL serum were measured in before, middle, and after treatment. Result: HDL cholesterol level is significantly different among group in pretest (p<0,05). Increase not significantly of HDL cholesterol level in treatment group A and B (p>0,05) during the treatment. LDL cholesterol level is significantly different among group in midtest (p<0,05). There is a decrease in LDL cholesterol level in treatment group B and C after four week of treatment. Conclusion : Treatment of E.spinosum powder with dose 10 mg/ 200 grBB and 20mg/ 200 grBB can reduce LDL cholesterol level significantly after four week treatment.

Kata Kunci : Dislipidemia, Karagenan, Diet tinggi lemak, HDL, LDL