PENGARUH TRANSPORTASI SELAMA EMPAT JAM PADA SAPI PERANAKAN ONGOLE TERHADAP FREKUENSI PULSUS, NAFAS DAN SUHU TUBUH

CINDRA RISKIYANA, Dr. drh. Pudji Astuti, M.P.

2013 | Skripsi | KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Sapi potong merupakan salah satu komoditas ternak strategis yang dapat mendukung stabilitas nasional. Dalam upaya peningkatan produksi daging dalam negeri dan pencapaian program kecukupan daging, pemerintah telah menerapkan kebijakan melalui peningkatan populasi dan produktivitas sapi potong maka untuk itu diberdayakan jual beli antar daerah, oleh sebab itu dibutuhkan transportasi pengangkutan sapi potong tersebut. Transportasi melibatkan beberapa potensi yang dapat menimbulkan ternak menjadi stres. Stres transportasi akan memicu peningkatan frekuensi nafas, pulsus dan suhu tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek stres transportasi terhadap frekuensi nafas, pulsus dan suhu tubuh pada sapi Peranakan Ongole yang menempuh perjalanan dari Desa Saradan, Kecamatan Baturetno, Wonogiri menuju Cangkringan, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan enam ekor sapi PO dewasa berjenis kelamin betina lima ekor dan jantan satu ekor. Pengambilan data fisiologis nafas, pulsus dan suhu tubuh dilakukan sesaat sebelum dan sesudah transportasi. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan rerata pulsus sesaat sebelum sapi ditransportasikan adalah 59,33 kali per menit, setelah tiba dilokasi 48,5 kali per menit. Rerata frekuensi nafas sebelum transportasi 26 kali per menit dan setalah transportasi 17,83 kali per menit, sedangkan rerata suhu tubuh sebelum transportasi 38,4ºC dan setelah transportasi 39,3ºC. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) transportasi selama empat jam menyebabkan penurunan pada frekuensi pulsus dan nafas sedangkan untuk suhu mengalami kenaikan; (2) pulsus, nafas dan suhu tubuh dapat dijadikan sebagai indikator stres.

Beef-cow is one of the strategic livestock commodity that can support national stability. In an enhancement of domestic meat production and adequacy meat achievement program, the government has applied a policy through population enhancement and productivity of beef cow itself which are empowered to be inter-regional trading which consequently, it is required transportation to carry the cow. Transportation involves several factors that can cause cow to be stress or oppressed. Transportation stress will trigger an increasing of the frequency of breathing, pulse and body temperature. This research aims to determine the effect of transportation stress on the frequency of breathing, pulse and body temperature in ongole crossbred that traveled from Saradan, District Baturetno, Wonogiri towards Cangkringan, Yogyakarta. The research was conducted using six adult ongole crossbred cows, five females and a male. The data retrieval of physiological breath, pulse, and body temperature were taken immediately before and after transporting. The results showed that the average of pulse shortly before cows are transported is 59.33 times per minute, and it becomes 48.5 times per minute after arriving at the location. The average of breath frequency before transport is 26 times per minute and it decreases 17.83 times per minute after transport. At the same time, the average of body temperature is 38.4 º C before transport and becomes 39.3 º C after transport. Based on the observation we can conclude that: (1) transportation during four hours led to a decreased in the frequency of breath and pulsus while body temperature increased, (2) pulse, breathing and body temperature can be used as an indicator of stress.

Kata Kunci : sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO), transportasi, stres, frekuensi nafas, pulsus, suhu tubuh