GAMBARAN LESI MIKROSKOPIK BERBAGAI ORGAN PADA BROILER YANG DITIMBULKAN OLEH PATOTIPE VELOGENIC NEUROTROPIC NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS

HANINDHITYA LINTANG A S, Prof. Widya Asmara, S.U., Ph.D.

2013 | Skripsi | KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Newcastle disease merupakan penyakit menular pada ayam yang disebabkan oleh Avian paramyxovirus-1 (APMV-1). Berdasarkan gejala klinis yang ditimbulkan, Newcastle disease dibagi menjadi 4 patotipe yaitu velogenic viscerotropic Newcastle disease (VVND), velogenic neurotropik Newcastle disease (VNND), mesogenic Newcastle disease dan lentogenic Newcastle disease. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lesi mikroskopik pada ayam yang menunjukkan gejala velogenik neurotropik Newcastle disease (VNND). Sampel untuk pemeriksaan histopatologi diambil dari organ otak, nervus vagal cabang servicalis, paru-paru, laring, usus, seka tonsil, ginjal dan proventrikulus. Isolasi virus dari organ paru, limpa serta swab kloaka dilakukan dengan inokulasi pada telur ayam buras berembrio (TAB) 10 hari yang tidak memiliki antibodi terhadap ND. Peneguhan diagnosis dilakukan dengan uji hemaglutinasi (HA) dan uji hemaglutinasi inhibisi (HI). Hasil positif HA menunjukkan terdapat virus yang mampu mengaglutinasi sel darah merah ayam, dan keberadaan virus ND diuji dengan uji HI dengan menggunakan antibody spesifik. Hasil pengamatan histopatologi organ menunjukkan adanya perivascular cuffing pada bagian cerebrum otak dan nekrosis pada bagian mukosa proventrikulus.

Newcastle disease is contagious avian caused by avian paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV-1). Based on its clinical symptoms, Newcastle disease is divided into 4 pathotype: velogenic viscerotropic Newcastle disease (VVND), velogenic neurotrophic Newcastle disease (VNND), mesogenic Newcastle disease and lentogenic Newcastle disease. The aim of this study is to determine the microscopic lesions in chicken which showed the symptoms of velogenic neurotropic Newcastle Disease (VNND). Specimen for histopathological examination was taken from the brain, servicalis vagal nerve branches, lungs, kidney, small intestine, ceca tonsil, and proventriculus. Virus isolation from lung, spleen, and cloaca swab were performed by inoculating suspected sample into 10- days old chicken embryo, which were specific antibody negative to NDV. For confirmatory diagnosis, virus detection was confirmed by hemagglutination test (HA) and hemaglutination inhibition test (HI). HA positive indicated the growth of virus which has ability to agglutinate chicken red blood cell. HI test using specific antibody was then applied to confirm the presence of NDV. Histopathological examination showed perivascular cuffing in the cerebrum and necrosis of mucosa of proventriculus. For confirmatory diagnosis, virus detection was confirmed by hemagglutination test (HA) and hemaglutination inhibition test (HI).

Kata Kunci : neurotropic Newcastle disease, perivascular cuffing, cerebrum, uji hemaglutinasi, uji hemaglutinasi inhibisi