EVALUASI PENYIMPANAN DAN DISTRIBUSI OBAT DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN
lilik koernia wahidah, dr. Sulanto Saleh Danu, SpFK
2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan MasyarakatLatar Belakang: Pengelolaan obat meliputi seleksi, pengadaan, penyimpanan/distribusi dan penggunaan. Bagian pengelolaan obat adalah penyimpanan dan distribusi. Di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan, tata cara penyimpanan obat kurang baik, belum sepenuhnya menggunakan prinsip FIFO. Organisasi pengelola obat terpisah menjadi 2 unit. Pembiayaan penyimpanan dan distribusi kurang. Pencatatan pelaporan obat kurang baik. Jumlah dan kualifikasi SDM kurang memadai. Sarana prasarana penyimpanan distribusi obat tidak memenuhi standar. Permasalahan tersebut berdampak pada: Adanya obat kadaluarsa, terdapat beberapa jenis obat kosong, terjadi perbedaan jumlah obat dengan catatan kartu stok, adanya perbedaan jenis/jumlah permintaan dengan pemberian obat dan permintaan pendistribusian obat banyak dilakukan diluar jadwal rutin. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan evaluasi penyimpanan dan distribusi obat di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui penyimpanan dan distribusi obat di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif-analitik, dengan rancangan case study menggunakan data kuantitatif dan data kualitatif yang dilakukan di IFK dan 8 puskesmas. Hasil: Kegiatan penyimpanan obat kurang baik, kegiatan distribusi obat sudah baik. Dukungan Mangement support dalam penyimpanan dan distribusi obat kurang memadai. Hasil perhitungan indikator menunjukkan kejadian obat rusak (IFK 0,7%, puskesmas 0,9%). Obat kadaluarsa (IFK 23,8%, puskesmas 0-16,7%). Persentase rata-rata bobot dari variasi sediaan (IFK 10,1%, puskesmas 1,7-6,5%). Ketepatan distribusi obat (6,4-80,0%). Persentase penyimpangan jenis obat yang didistribusikan (4,1-24,2%) dan penyimpangan kuantum obat yang didistribusikan (5,7-48,6%). Persentase rata-rata waktu kekosongan obat (IFK 33,1%, puskesmas 34,2-55,0%). Kesimpulan: Kegiatan penyimpanan obat di IFK dan puskesmas belum efektif. Meskipun kegiatan distribusi obat sudah baik, namun pencapaian indikator distribusi belum optimal. Dukungan management support dalam penyimpanan dan distribusi obat belum memadai.
Background: The drugs management cycles including selection/planning, procurement, storge/distribution and use. In South Lampung District, storage drugs system not fully based on FIFO system, drug organization is still held by two different units, less drugs distribution and sorage financing, poor information systems, unadequate human resources and drugs storage and dusrtribution facilities are not have suitable standards. Those issues can be directly effect the storage and distribution drugs, such as: Damaged/expired drugs, drugs empty, the differences in the type and number of drug requests to the distribution, drugs requests made outside predetermined schedule and drug mangement system has not one-gate system. Therefore need to be evaluated the drugs storage and distribution in South Lampung District. Objective: To determine the storage and distribution of drugs in South Lampung District Methods: This research is descriptive-analytic study, with case study research design. Data are collected from quantitative and qualitative data. This research conducted in health office, installation pharmacy distric (IFK) and 8 health center in South Lampung Distric. Results: Drugs storage is not good. Distribution is good. The results calculating indicators showed drug damaged at IFK 0.7% and the health centers 0.9% . Expired drugs in IFK 23.8% and health centers is 0-16.7%. The average percentage of weight variation in stocks and the real at IFK 10.1% and health centers 1.7-6.5%. The accuracy of drug distribution 6.4-80.0%. Deviations types of drugs that are distributed from 4.1-24.2% and the percentage deviation quantum of drugs distributed is 5.7-48.6%. The percentage of drugs emptyness occurs in IFK 33.1% and health centers 34.2-55.0%. Conclusion: The activities drug storage in the IFK and health centers has not been effectively. Although the drug distribution activities are goods, but the achievement of distribution indicators has not been optimal. Management support in the storage and distribution of drugs has not been adequate.
Kata Kunci : Obat, penyimpanan obat, distribusi obat, indikator, instalasi farmasi kabupaten, puskesmas.
