RESPONS FUNGSIONAL Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius dan Verania lineata Thunberg (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) TERHADAP WERENG BATANG PADI COKLAT Nilaparvata lugens (Stål.) (Homoptera: Delphacidae)

Friends Silaban, S.Si., Prof. Dr. Jesmandt Situmorang, M.Sc.

2013 | Tesis | S2 Biologi

Respons fungsional dan daya makan Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius dan Verania lineata Thunberg terhadap wereng batang padi coklat Nilaparvata lugens (Stal.) dikaji dibawah kondisi laboratorium Pusat Studi Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Hayati Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Imago M. sexmaculatus dan V. lineata diperoleh dari pertanaman padi, tidak diketahui umur dan jenis kelaminnya. Semua individu predator dilaparkan selama 24 jam sebelum kajian dilakukan. Kedua jenis predator ini dipelihara dengan diberi Nilaparvata lugens sebagai mangsa. Seekor imago M. sexmaculatus diberi mangsa sebanyak 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, dan 21 ekor. Seekor imago V. lineata diberi mangsa sebanyak 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, dan 28 ekor. Masing-masing diulang lima kali. Jumlah mangsa dimakan dihitung pada 24 jam setelah predator diberi mangsa. Analisis respons fungsional mengikuti metode Holling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa respons fungsional M. sexmaculatus dan V. lineata terhadap Nilaparvata lugens mengikuti Holling tipe II. Kemampuan makan maksimum imago M. sexmaculatus riil sebanyak 7 ekor/24 jam dan estimasi menurut Holling 23,78 ekor. Kemampuan makan maksimum larva M. sexmaculatus instar I, II, III, dan IV berturut-turut sebanyak 3,87 ekor/24jam, 7,80 ekor/24jam, 10,14 ekor/24jam, dan 15,50 ekor/24jam. Sementara itu kemampuan makan maksimum imago V. lineata riil sebanyak 9 ekor/24 jam dan menurut Holling sebanyak 30,24 ekor.

Functional response and feeding of the Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius and Verania lineata Thunberg againts brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Stal.) were conducted at the Centre for Management of Biological Resources Laboratory Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. Adults of M. sexmaculatus and V. lineata were collected from the rice field, of which the sex and the age were not known. All the predators were fasted for 24 hours before the study conducted. The two spesies of the predators were fed with Nilaparvata lugens. Each individual of M. sexmaculatus was fed with 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21individuals/24 hours, while individual of V. lineata was fed with 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 28 individuals/24 hours. Treatment repeated five times. The number of individuals that were fed were counted in the next 24 hour after the predator released. The analysis of functional response follows the Holling method. The result showed that the functional response of M. sexmaculatus and V. lineata againts Nilaparvta lugens followed the Holling type II. The real maximum preying capability of an M. sexmaculatus adult was 7,24 individuals/24 hour and the result estimation according to the Holling was 23,78 individuals. Preying capability of M. sexmaculatus instar I, II, III, IV were 3,87 individuals/24 hour, 7,80 individuals/24 hour, 10,14 individuals/24 hour, 15,50 individuals/24 hour consecutively. The real maximum preying capability of V. lineata was 9 individual every day and the result using Holling method was 30,24 individuals.

Kata Kunci : Menochilus sexmaculatus, Verania lineata, respons fungsional, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal.), wereng batang padi coklat, padi.