PENGARUH SUPLEMENTASI VITAMIN E DALAM RANSUM YANG MENGANDUNG CAPSULATED CRUDE PALM OIL TERHADAP KANDUNGAN POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACID DAGING DAN PERFORMAN KAMBING BLIGON

FIRMAN NASIU, Prof. Dr. Lies Mira Yusiati., SU.

2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian yang dilaksanakan bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi vitamin E dalam ransum yang mengandung minyak sawit kasar terkapsulasi (CCPO) terhadap kandungan PUFA daging dan performan kambing Bligon. Penelitian dilangsungkan dalam 2 tahap. Tahap I, evaluasi tingkat degradasi vitamin E dalam cairan rumen secara in vitro serta pengujian aktivitas mikrobia rumen (CMCase, protein mikrobia, dan jumlah protozoa) dan parameter fermentasi (NH3, total VFA, dan pH). Tahap II pengaruh ransum dengan suplementasi vitamin E terhadap performan ternak, kualitas daging, kadar vitamin E, kandungan PUFA serta kadar malondialdehyde (MDA)daging. Sembilan ekor ternak kambing Bligon jantan berumur 12 - 18 bulan dengan berat 17-20 kg dipelihara dalam 3 kelompok masing-masing 3 ekor selama 10 minggu yang diawali dengan masa adaptasi pakan selama 10 hari. Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu kelompok 1 dengan ransum basal (rumput raja,bekatul, bungkil kedelai, dan CPO terproteksi) tanpa suplementasi vitamin E sebagai kontrol (R0), kelompok 2 dengan ransum basal + vitamin E 200 mg (R1), dan kelompok 3 dengan ransum basal + vitamin E 400 mg (R2). Hasil penelitian tahap I menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi vitamin E dalam cairan rumen fermentasi sampai level 400 mg/kg bahan kering pakan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap aktivitas mikrobia (CMCase, protein mikrobia, jumlah protozoa) dan parameter fermentasi (NH3, VFA, dan pH) dan bahwa vitamin E tidak mengalami degradasi di dalam cairan rumen fermentasi. Hasil penelitian tahap II menunjukkan bahwa penambahan vitamin E dalam pakan ternak kambing sampai dengan level 400 mg per kg BK pakan berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap performan ternak (konsumsi BK, konsumsi, BO, kecernaan BK, kecernaan BO, PBBH, dan konversi pakan), berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap komposisi kimia dan kadar PUFA daging tetapi cenderung menurunkan kadar malondialdehyde (MDA) daging (P<0,06), serta berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) meningkatkan kadar vitamin E daging meskipun diikuti dengan peningkatan kadar kolesterol daging tetapi masih dalam batas yang normal.

The aim of this research is to investigate effects of vitamin E supplmentation in ration contain capsulated crude palm oil (CCPO) on meat polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) contents and Bligon goat performannce. This study performed in 2 stages. First stage to evaluate degradation levels of vitamin E in ruminal fluid by in vitro method, ruminal microbial activity analysis (CMCase, microbial protein, and number of protozoa) and fermentation parameter (NH3, VFA total, and pH). Second stage to evaluate effects of ration with vitamin E supplementation on animal performannce, meat quality, vitamin E content, PUFA and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of meat. Nine male Bligon goats in 12 to 18 month of age, 17 to 20 kg of weight were divided into three groups by ration treatment, each group consist of three goats, housed for ten weeks with ten days previously as adaptation periode. Treatments consist of first group fed basal diet (king grass, soybean meal, rice brand, and CCPO) without vitamin E supplementation as control (R0), second group fed basal diet with 200 mg vitamin E supplementation (R1), and third group fed basal diet with 400 mg vitamin E supplementation (R2). Results of the first stage research showed that vitamin E supplementation in fermentation ruminal fluid at level 400 mg/kg dry mater of feed has no real difference (P>0.05) on microbial activity (CMCase, microbial protein, and number of protozoa) and fermentation parameter (NH3, VFA, and pH) and that vitamin E was not degraded in fermentation ruminal fluid. Results of the second stage research showed that vitamin E supplementation in goat ration at level 400 mg per kg dry mater has no real difference (P>0.05) on animal performannce (dry mater intake, organik mater intake, DM digestibility, OM digestibility, avarage daily gain-ADG , and fed conversion ratio-FCR), has no real difference (P>0.05) on meat chemical composition, meat polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition but tend to decrease (P<0.06) meat malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and has very real difference (P<0.01) to increase meat vitamin E content although followed by increased in meat cholesterol contents but still in normal range.

Kata Kunci : vitamin E, aktivitas mikrobia, performan ternak, PUFA.