PEMBUATAN BIOGASOLIN DARI MINYAK SAWIT BEKAS MELALUI PROSES HIDRORENGKAH TERKATALISIS Cr/ZEOLIT ALAM AKTIF
JUJARAMA, Prof. Dr. Karna Wijaya., M.Eng.
2013 | Tesis | S2 Mag.Sistem TeknikTelah dilakukan penelitian tentang pembuatan biogasolin dari minyak sawit bekas melalui proses hidrorengkah terkatalisis Cr/zeolit alam aktif. Zeolit alam diaktivasi menggunakan asam klorida 6M sehingga diperoleh sampel zeolit alam aktif. Preparasi katalis dilakukan dengan metode impregnasi larutan garam prekusor Cr(NO3)3.9H2O pada zeolit alam aktif. Karakterisasi katalis meliputi kristalinitas katalis dengan menggunakan metode difraksi sinar-X (XRD) dan porositas katalis menggunakan metode BET. Reaksi hidrorengkah minyak sawit bekas dilakukan dengan menguapkan minyak sawit bekas pada suhu 350 oC kemudian mengalirkannya ke kolom reaktor dengan variasi suhu 400, 450 dan 500 oC, variasi kondisi reaktor tanpa katalis, katalis zeolit dan katalis Cr/Zeolit Alam Aktif dengan laju alir H2 40 mL/menit. Analisis produk cair menggunakan GC, GC-MS, ASTM D 1298, ASTM D 130, ASTM D 323 dan ASTM D 86/99a untuk mengetahui fraksi yang terbentuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivasi asam dan pengembanan pada sampel zeolit dapat meningkatkan kristalinitas, luas permukaan dan jejari pori zeolit. Sampel Zeolit Alam Aktif memiliki luas permukaan spesifik 43,815 m2/g dan Cr/Zeolit Alam Aktif 89,514 m2/g. Konversi produk cair tertinggi sebesar 76,44% dihasilkan dengan menggunakan katalis Cr/Zeolit Alam Aktif pada suhu reaktor 500 oC dengan yield sebesar 23,25%.
This study was concerning on production biogasoline from used palm cooking oil through Cr/active natural zeolite catalyzed hydrocracking. Natural zeolite was activated using 6M hydrochloric acid. The precursor Cr(NO3)3.9H2O was impregnated on activated natural zeolite. Catalysts characterizations were including catalysts crystallinity using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and catalysts porosity using the BET method. The used palm cooking oil was vaporized at 350 °C and then flowed into the reactor bed which temperature was set at 400 °C, 450 °C and 500 °C. Hydrogen was feed into the reactor bed at a constant rate of 40 mL/min. The variation of reactor conditions was with no catalysts, with zeolite catalysts and with catalyst Cr/Active Natural Zeolite. The product was then condensed in a water cooled condensor. The condensed products was analyzed using GC, GC-MS, ASTM D 1298, ASTM D 130, ASTM D 323 and ASTM D 86/99a to determine the formed fraction. The results show that the acid activation and impregnation reaction at zeolite samples can improve it crystallinity, surface area and pore radius. Active Natural Zeolite sample has a specific surface area of 43.815 m2/g while Cr/Active Natural Zeolite has a specific surface area of 89.514 m2/g. The highest conversion was gained by using Cr/Active Natural Zeolite catalysts at 500 oC reactor temperature which produced 76.44% liquid product and 23.25% yield
Kata Kunci : Biogasolin, Katalis, Cr/Zeolit Alam Aktif, Hidrorengkah
