PELUANG INTENSIFIKASI RUANG TUMBUH BAWAH TEGAKAN AGROFORESTRY TEGALAN MELALUI INTRODUKSI WIJEN (Sesamum indicum L.) DI PERBUKITAN MENOREH KULON PROGO

Aditya Hani, Dr. Priyono Suryanto, S.Hut., M.P.

2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Upaya peningkatan nilai tambah dari lahan agroforestry dapat dilakukan dengan menanam jenis tanaman bawah bernilai komersial tinggi. Salah satu jenis yang berpeluang untuk dikembangkan adalah wijen (Sesamum indicum L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui respon morfologis, fisiologis, produktivitas dan kualitas hasil wijen (S.indicum L.) pada 3 (tiga) tingkat intensitas naungan; 2) menganalisa peluang introduksi wijen pada 3 (tiga) tingkat intensitas naungan: <50%, 50-70% dan >70%. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah plot nested. Plot penelitian dibuat pada 3 (tiga) tingkat intensitas naungan, di dalamnya diuji 3 (tiga) varietas wijen yaitu Sbr 1, Sbr 2 dan Sbr 4. Analisa data menggunakan regresi polinomial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa luas daun tanaman wijen (morfologis) pada Sbr 1 dipengaruhi oleh kandungan K tanah dan pH tanah, sedangkan Sbr 2 dan Sbr 4 ditentukan oleh LBDs tanaman berkayu. Klorofil total pada Sbr 1 dikendalikan oleh kandungan N tanah, sedangkan Sbr 2 tidak dipengaruhi faktor biofisik dan mikroklimat dan Sbr 4 dikendalikan oleh LBDs tanaman berkayu. Jumlah polong pada Sbr 1 dipengaruhi oleh kandungan N, P, K, dan pH tanah serta LBDs, sedangkan Sbr 2 dipengaruhi oleh intensitas naungan, kandungan N, P tanah dan LBDs tanaman berkayu, dan Sbr 4 ditentukan oleh intensitas naungan, kandungan N, K tanah dan LBDs tanaman berkayu. Kadar protein biji wijen pada Sbr 1 tidak dipengaruhi oleh faktor biofisik dan mikroklimat, sedangkan Sbr 2 dan Sbr 4 sama-sama dipengaruhi oleh intensitas naungan, kandungan N, P, K tanah. Kadar lemak dalam biji wijen pada Sbr 1, 2 dan 4 sama-sama dipengaruhi oleh semua faktor biofisik dan mikroklimat (intensitas naungan, kandungan N, P, K tanah, pH dan LBDs). Peluang introduksi wijen paling tinggi pada agroforestry awal menggunakan varietas Sbr 4 dengan potensi produksi 394,13 kg/ha.

Efforts to increase the added value of the land can be done by planting species understory with a high commercial value. One type is the opportunity to develop sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). This study aims to: 1) determine morphological, physiological responses, productivity and quality of sesame (S.indicum L.) on three (3) levels of intensity of shade; 2) analyze opportunities sesame introduction to three (3) levels of shade intensity: <50%, 50-70% and> 70%. The experimental design used was a nested plot. Research plots were made at three (3) levels of intensity of the shade, it was tested in three (3) sesame varieties namely 1 Sbr, Sbr Sbr 2 and 4. Data analysis was using polynomial regression. The results showed the following: sesame plant leaf area (morphological) at 1 Sbr affected by soil K content and soil pH. Sbr 2 and 4 were affected by woody plants LBDs. Total chlorophyll at Sbr 1 was influenced by soil N content. Sbr 2 was not affected by biophysical and microclimates factor. Sbr 4 was influenced of woody plants affected by the LBDs. Pods in Sbr 1was influenced by the content of N, P, K, and soil pH and LBDs. Sbr 2 was influenced by the intensity of the shade, the content of N, P and LBDs woody plants. Sbr 4 was influenced by the intensity of the shade, the content of N, K soil and woody plants LBDs. Sesame seed protein content in Sbr 1 was not influenced by biophysical and microclimates factors. Sbr 2 and 4 were both influenced by the intensity of the shade, the content of N, P, K soil. Levels of fat in the sesame seeds on a Sbr 1, 2 and 4 were affected by all the biophysical and microclimates factors (shade intensity, the content of N, P, K soil, pH and LBDs). The highest opportunities introduction of sesame at the early agroforestry using Sbr 4 varieties with yield potential of 394.13 kg / ha.

Kata Kunci : Agroforestry, biofisik, intensitas naungan, mikroklimat, varietas wijen