EVALUASI DAYA HASIL ENAM GALUR HARAPAN TOMAT (Solanum lycopersicum L.) GENERASI M9 DI DATARAN TINGGI DAN RENDAH

YAZID ABDUR RAHMAN, Erlina Ambarwati, S.P., M.P.

2013 | Skripsi | PEMULIAAN TANAMAN

Daya hasil enam galur harapan tomat mutan generasi ke-9 hasil iradiasi sinar gamma Co-60 dievaluasi bersama „Intan‟ dan F1 „Fortuna‟ sebagai varietas pembanding. Penanaman dilakukan di Ngipiksari (714 m dpl; dataran tinggi) dan Kalitirto (122 m dpl; dataran rendah) pada bulan April – Oktober 2012, yang disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap dengan empat blok sebagai ulangan. Variabel yang diamati seperti tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, umur berbunga, jumlah bunga per tandan, fruitset, jumlah buah per tandan, jumlah tandan buah per tanaman, umur panen pertama, jumlah buah per tanaman, panjang dan diameter buah, bobot buah per butir, bobot buah per tanaman dan daya hasil per hektar. Analisis data menggunakan anova tiap lokasi, uji homogenitas, anova gabungan dan uji lanjut DMRT pada α = 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penanaman galur harapan M9 di dataran rendah dan dataran tinggi berpengaruh nyata terhadap fruitset, jumlah buah per tandan, jumlah tandan buah per tanaman, bobot buah per butir, bobot buah per tanaman dan daya hasil per hektar. Galur harapan yang sesuai untuk dataran tinggi adalah G20 1/13/25/26/24/11/16, G40 2/19/9/19/12/13/7 dan G40 3/15/23/22/13/13/6 sedangkan untuk dataran rendah adalah G60 3/9/12/34/12/14/16 dan G60 3/15/15/1/13/6/9 berdasarkan fruitset, bobot buah per tanaman dan daya hasil per hektar. Galur G60 3/9/12/34/12/14/16 dan G60 3/15/15/1/13/6/9 di dataran rendah mempunyai bobot buah per tanaman dan daya hasil per hektar yang lebih tinggi daripada „Fortuna‟. Galur G20 1/13/25/26/24/11/16 dan G60 3/15/15/1/13/6/9 di dataran tinggi mempunyai bobot buah per butir yang melebihi „Intan‟ dan „Fortuna‟.

Yield of six promising lines of tomato, ninth generation mutants results of Co-60 gamma ray irradiation, were evaluated with 'Intan' and F1 'Fortuna' as check variety respectively. The experiment conducted in Ngipiksari (714 m dpl; highland) and Kalitirto (122 m dpl; lowland) from April - October 2012, arranged in completely randomized block design with four blocks. The data of plant height, stem diameter, flowering date, number of flowers per cluster, fruitset, number of fruits per cluster, number of bunches per plant, harvesting time, number of fruits per plant, length and diameter of fruit, individual fruit weight, fruit weight per plant and yield per hectare were collected. Data analysis was using anova each location, homogeneity test, anova combined and DMRT at α = 5%. The results showed that the promising lines of M9 in highland and lowland had a significant effect on fruitset, number of fruits per cluster, number of bunches per plant, individual fruit weight, fruit weight per plant and yield per hectare. G20 1/13/25/26/24/11/16, G40 2/19/9/19/12/13/7 and G40 3/15/23/22/13/13/6 were promising lines for the highlands, while in the lowlands were G60 3/9/12/34/12/14/16 and G60 3/15/15/1/13/6/9 based on fruitset, fruit weight per plant and yield per hectare. G60 3/9/12/34/12/14/16 and G60 3/15/15/1/13/6/9 in lowland had fruit weight per plant and yield per hectare better than 'Fortuna'. G20 1/13/25/26/24/11/16 and G60 3/15/15/1/13/6/9 in highland had individual fruit weight higher than ‘Intan’ and F1 'Fortuna'.

Kata Kunci : tomat, daya hasil, dataran tinggi, dataran rendah, galur harapan