ANALISIS DAYA SAING SALAK PONDOH DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN

GALUH GARNETA BINTANG, Dr. Ir. Any Suryantini, M.M.

2013 | Skripsi | SOS.EK. PERTANIAN (AGROBISNIS)

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk (1) menganalisis daya saing (keunggulan kompetitif dan komparatif) salak pondoh di Kabupaten Sleman, (2) menganalisis dampak kebijakan pada komoditas salak pondoh di Kabupaten Sleman. Metode dasar ini adalah metode deskriptif sedangkan alat yang digunakan menganalisis daya saing adalah Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di Kecamatan Turi dan Kecamatan tempel secara purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) usahatani salak pondoh di Kabupaten Sleman efisien secara finansial dan ekonomi menunjukkan salak pondoh memiliki keunggulan komparatif dan keunggulan kompetitif, (2) matriks penilaian daya saing menunjukkan bahwa salak pondoh di Kabupaten Sleman berdaya saing sangat tinggi, (3) dampak kebijakan pemerintah terhadap output adalah mengurangi penerimaan produsen yang disebabkan ketidakseimbangan nilai tukar akibat kebijakan makro ekonomi, (4) dampak kebijakan pemerintah terhadap input adalah harga input tradable yang diterima produsen lebih rendah dari harga seharusnya maka menunjukkan terdapat subsidi untuk pupuk NPK, sedangkan dampak pada input lain yaitu harga input non tradable yang diterima produsen lebih tinggi dari harga seharusnya maka menunjukkan terdapat pajak untuk lahan dan peralatan, (5) dampak kebijakan pemerintah terhadap input output adalah subsidi dan pajak tidak efektif pada usahatani salak pondoh di Kabupaten Sleman dan tidak mendukung petani untuk berproduksi maka petani tidak menerima insentif dari pemerintah.

The purpose of this study were to (1) analyze the competitive and comparative advantage of pondoh snake fruit in Sleman District, (2) analyze the impact of government policies on the snake fruit in Sleman District. The basic method used in this research is descriptive; whereas analytical tool to determine the competitiveness is Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The location sample were Turi and Tempel Subdistrict; while farmers was chosen by purposive sampling method. The results showed that (1) snake fruit farming in Sleman District was efficient financially and economically so it had a competitive and comparative advantage, (2) competitiveness valuation matrix shown that snake fruit in Sleman District had highest competitiveness, (3) the impact of government policy on output was reducing revenue of producers and giving insentive for consumers caused by exchange rate disequilibrium of macroeconomic policy, (4) the impact of government policy on input was tradable input price received by producers is lower than the economic price, showing of subsidy for NPK fertilizer price, while the impact of government policy on non tradable input price was producers receiving higher than the economic price, it showed that land and equipment taxes should be payed by farmers, (5) the impact of government policy on input output was an uneffectiveness implementation of subsidy and taxes in snake fruit farming in Sleman District and the policied did not support the farmer producing then the farmers did not receive insentive from the government.

Kata Kunci : Salak, Subsidi, Pajak, Keunggulan Kompetitif, Keunggulan Komparatif