JENIS IKAN DI HULU SUNGAI OPAK KABUPATEN SLEMAN

BRQ DIAS BAHARY A., Dr. Ir. Djumanto, M. Sc.

2013 | Skripsi | MANAJ. SUMBER DAYA PERIKANAN

Sungai merupakan perairan umum yang mengalir dari hulu ke hilir dan dihuni oleh berbagai macam jenis ikan yang saling berinteraksi satu dengan lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis ikan dan sebaran ikan di hulu Sungai Opak. Penentuan lokasi penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan seser dengan menyusuri sungai ± 100m di masing-masing stasiun pengamatan setiap selang 1 minggu sebanyak 6 kali pada bulan September-Oktober 2012. Parameter lingkungan perairan yang diukur adalah kecepatan arus, suhu, pH, kedalaman, lebar sungai, substrat dasar, dan vegetasi sekitar perairan. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan ikan sebanyak 3 ordo yang dibagi ke dalam 8 famili dan 13 spesies ikan. Ikan tersebut antara lain adalah Poecilia sp., Channa striata, Nemacheilus fasciatus, Nemacheilus sp., Oreochromis niloticus, Oreochromis sp., Puntius binotatus, Rasbora argyotaenia, Lepidocephalychthys haseltii, Cyprinus carpio, Dermogenys pusilla, Xiphophorus viltatus, Ryacichthys aspro. Spesies ikan seribu (Poecilia sp.) merupakan spesies yang paling banyak jumlah tangkapannya dan cukup mendominasi di hampir semua stasiun pengamatan. Kecepatan arus berkisar 0,3-0,55 m/s; suhu air 26-32,5 oC; suhu udara 28-35 oC; pH 6,58-7,75; kedalaman sungai 6-33 cm; lebar sungai 53-621 cm; kondisi substrat dasar sungai yang berpasir, berbatu, dan berkerikil.

The occurance of fishes in river ecosystem is very important as biotic resource for community in surrounding water. The objective of this study was to investigate the fish species and their distribution in the upper part of Opak Basin. Sampling was done in five stations with a distance between station around 3-4 km each. Fish sample was collected using a scoop net with netting around 100 m, then repeated every week. All samples were collected and preserved in 5 % formalin until identification in the laboratory. Environmental conditions was measured in each station of sampling namely velocity, temperature, pH, depth, width, the base substrate and vegetation surrounding waters. The results showed that there were 13 species in 8 families and 3 order found among stations. The most abundance was Poecilia sp. followed by Channa striata, Nemacheilus fasciatus, Nemacheilus sp., Oreochromis niloticus, Oreochromis sp., Puntius binotatus, Rasbora argyotaenia, Lepidocephalychthys haseltii, Cyprinus carpio, Dermogenys pusilla, Xiphophorus variatus, Ryacichthys aspro. Guppy (Poecilia sp.) was the most abundant species and occured in almost all observations. Water velocities range from 0.3 to 0.55 m/s; water temperature from 26 to 32.5°C; air temperature 28-35°C; pH 6.58 to 7.75; river depth 6-33 cm; wide river 53 - 621 cm; the riverbed substrate conditions were sandy, rocky and pebbly.

Kata Kunci : Hulu, Ikan, Sungai, Opak