PENGARUH SERANGAN VIRUS KERDIL TERBAWA WERENG COKELAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL PADI VARIETAS INPARI 13 DAN IR 64

UNDANTARI S, Dr. Ir. Sri Sulandari, S.U.

2013 | Skripsi | ILMU HAMA & PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN

Ada dua tipe virus penyebab kerdil padi yang ditularkan wereng cokelat yaitu kerdil rumput (Rice grassy stunt virus) dan kerdil hampa (Rice ragged stunt virus). Keduanya sering ditemukan menginfeksi secara bersama di lapangan. Salah satu pengendalian yang dilakukan adalah dengan menanam varietas tahan. Di daerah Klaten, banyak ditanam Inpari 13 dan IR 64 yang diketahuitahan terhadap wereng cokelat. Pada pengamatan di lapangan kedua varietas tersebut ternyata ditemukan adanya serangan wereng cokelat dan gejala kerdil. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh serangan virus kerdil terbawa wereng cokelat terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil padi varietas Inpari 13 dan IR 64. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Bowan, Kecamatan Delanggu, Kabupaten Klaten, mulai bulan Maret sampai November 2012. Penelitian dirancang menggunakan RAL dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian kemudian dilanjutkan uji DMRT dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Pengamatan meliputi keterjadian penyakit dan keparahan penyakit, pertumbuhan tanaman, komponen hasil, dan penurunan hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keparahan penyakit dan keterjadian penyakit pada Inpari 13 sebesar 10,8% dan 13%, sedangkan pada IR 64 sebesar 9,8% dan 19,8%. Pada kondisi serangan berat virus dapat menghambat pertumbuhan kemudian menurunkan berat biji total kering giling yaitu 64,34% pada Inpari 13dan IR 64 sebesar 68,94%. Pada Inpari 13 kondisi sakit ringan secara kuantitas hasil padi mengalami kenaikan sebesar 10,22% akan tetapi kualitas beras tidak bagus dibandingkan tanaman sehat, pada kondisi sakit sedang tanaman mengalami penurunan sebesar 1,35%. Penurunan hasil IR 64 pada kondisi sakit ringan 8,65% dan sedang 21,74%. Inpari 13 relatif lebih tahan terhadap serangan virus kerdil dibandingkan IR 64.

There are two types of rice stunt virus that transmitted by brown planthopper namely Rice grassy stunt virus(RGSV) and Rice ragged stunt virus(RRSV). Both of the virus are often found infecting together in the field. One of the method control is done by planting with resistant varieties. In Klaten, there were widely planted Inpari 13 and IR 64 that were known resistant to brown planthopper On field observations, in both varieties were found the brown planthopper attacks and symptom of stunt virus disease. The research aims to determine the effectof stunt virus attack carried by brown planthopper on the growth and plant yield ofrice varieties Inpari 13 and IR 64. The research implemented of field in Bowan village, Delanggu District, Klaten Regency, from March to November 2012. The research was design by RAL design and were analyzed using of variance analysis followed by DMRT with 95% confidence level. Observations included the disease severity and disease incidence,plant growth, plant yield components, and plant yield reduction. The results showed thatdisease severity and disease incidence on Inpari 13 were 10.8% and 13%, whereas on IR 64 by 9.8% and 19.8%. The plant with severe symptom would inhibit plant growth then reduction of total weight of dry milled grain Inpari 13 was 64.34% and on IR 64 was 68.94%. The plant with mild symptom condition in Inpari 13 as quantity of rice has increased 10.22% but rice quality not good is compared with healthy plant, on moderate symptom condition yield reduction was 1.35%. IR 64 yield reduction on mild symptom conditions 8.65% and moderate symptom condition 21.74%. Inpari 13 relatively more resistant to stunt virus attacks than IR 64.

Kata Kunci : Inpari 13, IR 64, Virus kerdil, Wereng cokelat