RENDAHNYA KADAR SEL T CD4+ PENDERITA HIV/AIDS SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO PADATNYA KOLONI MALASSEZIA SPECIES Kajian di RSUP. Dr. Sadjito

Epi Panjaitan, dr. Agnes Sri Siswati, Sp.KK(K),

2013 | Tesis | S2 Ked.Klinik/MS-PPDS

InfeksiHuman immunodeficiency virus(HIV) danaquired immunodeficiency syndrom (AIDS) menyebabkan penurunan kadar dan fungsi progresif sel T CD4+, sehingga penderita HIV/AIDS dengan kadar sel T CD4+ rendah cenderung untuk terjadi infeksi oportunistik. Infeksi oportunistik yang sering dijumpai pada penderita HIV/AIDS adalah dermatitis seboroik, penyakit kulit inflamasi kronik yang patogenesisnya belum sepenuhnya dipahami tetapi diduga akibat padatnya koloni Malassezia sp. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah rendahnya kadar sel TCD4+ penderita HIV/AIDS merupakan faktor risiko padatnya koloni Malassezia sp. Desain penelitian ini adalah potong lintang. Jumlah subjek pada penelitian ini 83 orang penderita HIV/AIDS, terdiri dari 43 orang dengan kadar sel T CD4+tinggi (≥200 sel/mm3) dan 40 orang kadar selT CD4+ rendah (< 200 sel/mm3. Sampel kulit dahi diambil dengan metode penempelan selotif dan dikultur dalam media Leeming and Notman agar (LNA), kemudian dilakukan perhitungan jumlah koloni Malassezia sp. sesudah 2 minggu. Rerata jumlah koloni pada kelompok kadar sel T CD4+ tinggi dan kadarselT CD4+ rendah adalah 26.209±31.55 cfu/tape: 25.2±33.89 cfu/tape, tetapi secara statistik tidak berbeda bermakna( P= 0,89). Rasio prevalensi adalah 0.45 dengan interval kepercayaan 95%.

Infection of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and aquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection caused a progressive falling-off in the level and function of CD4+T cells. HIV/AIDS patients with low level of CD4+T cell (<200 cells/mm3) tended to obtain opportunistic infections. The most common opportunistic infections in HIV/AIDS patients is seborrheic dermatitis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease whose pathogenesis has not been fully understood.Malassezia species was suspected to play an important role on seborrheic dermatitis for the improvement of lession with antifungal therapy and it would relapse when the density of respective organism increasing. Low level of CD4+T cell would intensify growth density of Malassezia sp. The aim of this study was to determine whether low levels of CD4+T cellwas a risk factor influencing the density of Malassezia species colonyin HIV/AIDS. Design of the study was cross-sectional. Subjects of this study were 83 HIV/AIDS patients, that consists of 43high levels of CD4+T cells and 40 low levels of CD4+T cells. Malassezia sp were cultured and counted thus classified into dense colonies (≥100 cfu/tape) and not dense (<100 cfu/tape). Statistic analysis using Chi Square test with a significance value of p <0.05. The mean number of colonies Malassezia sp. in group of high level of CD4+T cell and low level CD4+T cells were31.55 ± 26 209 cfu/tape : 25.2 ± 33.89 cfu/tape but there was no statistically diffent (p=0.89. Ratio of prevalence was0.45 with 95% confidence intervals.

Kata Kunci : Malassezia species, koloni, sel T CD4+