HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTION OF HEALTH: MORBIDITAS DIARE PADA ANAK BATITA DAN KETERSEDIAAN ORALIT DI KOTA KUPANG HALAMAN JUDUL

SARCI MAGDALENA TOY, Prof. dr. Djaswadi Dasuki, MPH., Ph.D, Sp.OG(K)

2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar belakang: Mayoritas kematian karena diare diakibatkan oleh dehidrasi. Prevalensi diare tertinggi terjadi pada anak usia 6-36 bulan sebesar 11-20%. Penurunan angka kesakitan maupun kematian karena dehidrasi dapat terjadi bila anak diberi oralit sejak dini. Namun, ternyata belum semua anak balita yang diare mendapat oralit. Tujuan: Diketahuinya hubungan antara morbiditas diare dan penggunaan oralit dengan ketersediaan oralit di tingkat rumah tangga di wilayah Puskesmas Pasir Panjang dan Oepoi. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional. Populasinya adalah seluruh rumah tangga yang memiliki anak balita dan tinggal di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pasir Panjang dan Puskesmas Oepoi. Sampel adalah rumah tangga yang memiliki anak usia 6-35 bulan pada saat penelitian berlangsung dan tercatat dalam buku register Puskesmas. Analisis data menggunakan Chi-square test dan regresi logistik dengan nilai α 0,05 dan Confidence Interval (CI) 95%. Hasil: Prevalensi morbiditas diare pada anak batita sebesar 26%, penggunaan oralit sebesar 19,5%, dan ketersediaan oralit di rumah tangga hanya sebesar 9,5% dari total 200 sampel. Analisis bivariabel menunjukkan morbiditas diare berhubungan dengan ketersediaan oralit (RP=7,97, CI=3,01-21,04, p=0,00). Penggunaan oralit dan ketersediaan oralit juga berhubungan satu sama lain (RP=11,56, CI=4,43-30,17, p=0,00). Analisis multivariabel menunjukkan morbiditas diare dan penggunaan oralit berhubungan dengan ketersediaan oralit. Kesimpulan: Ketersediaan oralit di rumah tangga belum baik. Peluang ketersediaan oralit di rumah pada keluarga dengan anak batita yang pernah diare dan pernah menggunakan oralit lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang belum pernah diare.

Background: The majority of deaths due to diarrhea are caused by dehydration. The decreased morbidity and mortality due to dehydration can occur when a child is given oral rehydration salts (ORS) as early as possible. Objective: To determine the relationship between diarrheal morbidity and use of ORS with ORS availability at the household level in the work area of Pasir Panjang and Oepoi Health Centers. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The samples were households with children aged 6-35 months and the child’s name was recorded in a register at the health centers. Data analyses used Chi-square test and logistic regression with α 0.05 and 95% CI. Results: The prevalence of diarrheal morbidity in under-three years old children was by 26%, the use of ORS was by 19.5%, and the availability of ORS at the household was only 9.5%. Bivariable analysis showed diarrheal morbidity was significantly associated with ORS availability (RP=7,97, 95% CI=3.01 to 21.04, p=0.00). The use of ORS and availability of ORS also had a significant association (RP=11,56, 95% CI=4.43 to 30.17, p=0.00). Multivariable analysis showed diarrheal morbidity and use of ORS had association with the availability of ORS. Conclusion: The availability of ORS at the household level has not been good. The opportunity to provide ORS at home was higher done by the households with children who had had diarrhea and ever use of ORS than those with children who had not had diarrhea.

Kata Kunci : household production of health; diare; oralit; batita.