KEMELIMPAHAN DAN DISTRIBUSI SERANGGA PERMUKAAN TANAH DI HUTAN SUAKA MARGASATWA KATERI KABUPATEN BELU PROPINSI- NTT

Blasius Atini, Dr. R.C. Hidayat Soesilohadi, M.S.

2013 | Tesis | S2 Biologi

Hutan Kateri dibagi menjadi ekosistem Hutan Primer dan Produksi. Pengalihan fungsi ekosistem Hutan Primer menjadi ekosistem Hutan Produksi mengurangi kemelimpahan dan distribusi jenis serangga permukaan tanah tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk membandingkan kemelimpahan dan distribusi jenis serangga permukaan tanah di ekosistem Hutan Primer dan ekosistem Produksi. Serangga tanah di koleksi dengan perangkap sumuran. Perangkap Sumuran (PSM) di pasang tiga hari dan serangga tanah yang terjebak dalam Perangkap Sumuran di koleksi. Identifikasi serangga tanah dilakukan di laboratorium entomologi UGM dan hasil identifikasi di konfirmasi taksonomi ke LIPI Cibinong. Kemelimpahan dan distribusi jenis serangga tanah di hitung dengan rumus kemelimpahan dan distribusi jenis menurut Misra, 1973 & Krebs, 1978. Ada perbedaan kemelimpahan dan distribusi jenis serangga tanah antara ekosistem Primer dan ekosistem Produksi. Ekosistem Hutan Primer ditemukan 10 jenis serangga permukaan tanah sedangkan di ekosistem Hutan Produksi ditemukan 7 jenis serangga permukaan tanah. Jenis serangga tanah di ekosistem Hutan Primer adalah Ontophagus sagittarius, Lyctoxylon sp., Pseudophalus javana, Gococephalum palatum, Gonocephalum malayicum, Perisphaeria lucasiana, Loxoblemus jacobsoni, Pheidologeton diversus, Odontomuachus simillimus, Bulbitermes sp. Jenis di ekosistem Hutan Produksi adalah Lyctoxylon sp., Gonocephalum palatum, Gonocephalum malayicum, Loxoblemus jacobsoni, Pheidologeton diversus, Odontomachus simillimus, Bulbitermes sp. Kemelimpahan jenis seranga permukaan tanah di ekosistem Hutan Primer 285,75 individu/petak, lebih tinggi dari kemelimpahan jenis di ekosistem Hutan Produksi 43,5 individu/petak. Distribusi jenis serangga permukaan tanah di ekosistem Hutan Primer 7,5 lebih tinggi dari ekosistem Hutan Produksi 4,25. Kemelimpahan dan distribusi jenis serangga permukaan tanah di Hutan Kateri dipengaruhi kemelimpahan dan distribusi vegetasi, ketebalan serasah, suhu, pH tanah, kelembaban. Indeks kesamaan jenis serangga permukaan tanah di ekosistem Hutan Primer dan ekosistem Hutan

The Kateri wildlife area has Primary and Production forest ecosystems. The functional shifting of Primary forest to Production forest ecosystems decreased the abundance and distribution of surface soil insects. The objective of the research was to compare the abundance and distribution of surface soil insects in Primary and Production forest ecosystems. Soil insects were collected by using pitfall traps. The pitfall traps were set up for three days and the insects trapped were collected. The identification on the soil insects was carried out in the Entomology Laboratory of Gadjah Mada University and the confirmation of the taxon was conducted in the LIPI Cibinong laboratory. The abundance and distribution of insects were counted by Misra, 1973 & Krebs, 1978 formula. There were differences in the abundance and distribution of soil insects in the of Primary and Production ecosystems. There were 10 and 7 species of surface soil insects identified in the Primary and Production forest ecosystems, respectively. The soil insects in Primary ecosystem involved Ontophagus sagittarius, Lyctoxylon sp., Pseudophalus javana, Gonopcephalus palatum, G. malayicum, Perisphaeria lucasiana, Loxoblemmus jacobsoni, Pheidologeton Diversus, Odontomachus simillimus, Bulbitermes sp. The soil insects in production ecosystem were Lyctoxylon sp., Gonocephalum palatum, Gonocephalum malayicum, Loxoblemmus jacobsoni, Pheidologeton Diversus, Odontomachus simillimus, Bulbitermes sp. The abundance of surface soil insects in Primary forest ecosystem was 285.75 individuals/plot; those were higher than that of in Production ecosystem of 43.5 individuals/plot. The distribution of surface soil insects in Primary forest ecosystem was 7.5, higher than that of in Production forest ecosystem of 4.25. The abundance and distribution of surface soil insects in Kateri forest have been affected by the abundance and distribution of vegetation, the thickness of litters, temperature, soil pH, humidity. The similarity and dissimilarity indices of surface soil insects in Primary and Production forest ecosystems were 21.59% and 78.41%, respectively.

Kata Kunci : kemelimpahan, distribusi, serangga permukaan tanah, hutan suaka margasatwa Kateri