Peran Petugas Pengendali Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan dan Penyuluh Pertanian dalam Penerapan PHT Wereng Batang Coklat di Jawa Bagian Tengah

Raden Roro Siti Astuti, Prof. Dr. Ir. Edhi Martono, M.Sc.

2013 | Disertasi | S3 Agronomi

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran petugas pertanian dalam penerapan PHT di wilayah Jawa bagian tengah dan faktor-faktor penyebab ledakan hama Wereng Batang Coklat (WBC). Lokasi penelitian di Kabupaten Bantul, Sleman, Klaten dan Magelang. Responden adalah POPT-PHP, PPL, pejabat terkait, dan masyarakat. Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak sederhana dan data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Analisis jalur digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel berpengaruh terhadap penerapan PHT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ledakan WBC di Jawa bagian tengah disebabkan karena makin lemahnya penerapan prinsip dan teknologi PHT oleh pelaku perlindungan tanaman. Hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh ketidakefektifan dalam komunikasi dan rendahnya komitmen para pelaku perlindungan terhadap PHT. Pelaksanaan tugas POPT-PHP dan PPL belum berorientasi pada upaya penerapan PHT di masyarakat, tetapi masih sebatas usaha memenuhi kewajiban mereka sebagai seorang fungsional pertanian. Petugas pertanian memiliki komitmen tinggi dalam melaksanakan tugas pokok fungsinya meskipun ada beberapa kendala yang harus dihadapi di lapangan antara lain keterbatasan kualitas sumberdaya manusia, ketidakseimbangan antara jumlah petugas dengan luasan wilayah kerja dan volume pekerjaan, serta keterbatasan sarana prasarana pendukung tugas. Peran birokrasi kelembagaan belum optimal karena lemahnya kerjasama dan koordinasi antar stakeholder serta belum mapannya struktur organisasi sebagai dampak kebijakan otonomi daerah. Peran penting kelembagaan antaral lain adalah koordinasi antara pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah serta antar pemerintah daerah yang saling berbatasan untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya ledakan hama termasuk WBC.

This study was aimed to assess the role of functional officers in the implementation of IPM policy and to identify factors causing Brown Plant Hopper (BPH) outbreak in the central part of Java. The respondents were pest observers, extension workers, related officials, and community members. The respondents were selected by simple random sampling in the regencies of Bantul, Sleman, Klaten and Magelang. The collected data were descriptively and path analyzed to illustrate the observed phenomenon. The results showed that the outbreak of BPH in central part of Java is an impact of poor IPM implementation by the stakeholders. It is influenced by the ineffectiveness of communication and lack of commitment to IPM principals. The tasks of pest observers and extension workers have not oriented towards the implementation of IPM in the community members, but it is still limited to efforts their duties as a functional officers. Most of the pest observers and extension workers have a high commitment in conducting their main duty and function as functional officers despite the constraints they faced. These constraints are the quality of pest observers; the low numbers of pest observers in the working region areas, hence their overhelming workloads; and the poor condition of the supporting infrastructures. The role of institutional bureaucracy is not optimal due to lack of cooperation and coordination between stakeholders and the organizational structure has not been established is as a result of regional autonomy. The important roles of institutional bureaucracy are the coordination between central government and local authority and among neighboring local autorities to anticipate BPH outbreak.

Kata Kunci : Peran, POPT-PHP, PPL, PHT