PENGARUH PELATIHAN ”ORANGTUA KOMPAK” TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN ORANGTUA DAN PENERAPANNYA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KECERDASAN MORAL ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH

Early Utami, Prof (ret). Dr. Sartini Nuryoto

2013 | Tesis | S2 Psikologi

Pengembangan moralitas anak sejak usia dini merupakan tugas kedua orangtua yang dalam prakteknya tidaklah mudah untuk dilakukan. Orangtua membutuhkan pengetahuan yang memadai agar dapat memilih cara yang tepat dalam mengembangkan kecerdasan moral anaknya. Pengembangan kecerdasan moral anak membutuhkan partisipasi dan kerjasama yang baik antara ayah dan ibu. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan “Orangtua Kompak” terhadap pengetahuan orang tua dalam pengembangan kecerdasan moral pada anak usia prasekolah. Penelitian berlangsung selama 2 tahapan, data penelitian tahap pertama dikumpulkan dari 12 orang subjek (6 pasang orangtua) sedangkan penelitian tahap kedua dikumpulkan dari 16 anak TK A (terdiri dari 5 anak anggota kelompok eksperimen yang kedua orangtuanya mengikuti pelatihan “Orangtua Kompak”, dan 11 anak anggota kelompok kontrol, yang kedua orangtuanya tidak mengikuti pelatihan) yang berusia antara 4-5 tahun. Penelitian tahap pertama membuktikan adanya pengaruh pelatihan “Orangtua Kompak” terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan orangtua, dari hasil uji Wilcoxon Signed-Rank didapatkan nilai p = 0,023 (p<0,05). Pengetahuan orang tua meningkat secara signifikan setelah mengikuti pelatihan. Penelitian tahap kedua tidak membuktikan adanya perbedaan kecerdasan moral anak dalam kelompok eksperimen dengan kelompok kontrol, dari hasil uji Man-Whitney didapatkan nilai p=0,145 (p>0,05). Kecerdasan moral anak yang orang tuanya mengikuti pelatihan “Orang tua Kompak”, tidak berbeda dengan anak yang orangtuanya tidak mengikuti pelatihan. Uji perbedaan pengetahuan orangtua antara ayah dan ibu dilakukan menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney U. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan postes nilai p = 0,485 (p > 0,05), dengan demikian tidak ada perbedaan pengetahuan orangtua mengenai pengembangan kecerdasan moral anak pada ayah dan ibu. Dengan kata lain, pasangan orangtua dapat dikatakan kompak dalam pengetahuan yang dimiliki.

Developing moral intelligence on early childhood is one of the most important roles that parents (father and mother) and school have to take. Both parties have to work hand in hand to achieve this goal. This must not be uneasy task for the school. For, not all parents already have ample knowledge and experience to choose appropriate way to do so. The school, therefore, have to provide training and be active in involving parents’ participation. Developing child’s moral intelligence needs good participation and cooperation between father and mother. This research was done to six (6) couples and sixteen (16) kindergarten children aged four to five years old. Five (5) children belonged to parents who participied in the harmonious parents training “Pelatihan Orangtua Kompak” (treated as experimental group), and eleven (11) children whose parents were not joining the training (treated as control group). This study was aimed to find out whether there was an impact of harmonious parents “Orangtua Kompak” training on parent’s knowledge and experience in developing their preschool children’s moral intelligence. The data were collected in two phases. The first was carried out to collect data about the six couple’s knowledge and experience in developing preschool children’s moral intelligence before and after the training. The second phase the data were collected from 5 children of experimental group, from 11 children belonged to the control group. First phase study indicated that there was significant impact of “Pelatihan Orangtua Kompak” on parents knowledge in developing preschool children’s moral intelligence and those of the control group. The results from Mann-Whitney Test was the value of p = 0,145 (p > 0,05). The children’s moral intelligence whose parents training “Pelatihan Orangtua Kompak” not different with the children whose parents were not joining the training. The advance testing of parental knowledge differences between mothers and fathers was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Based on the calculation the post-test’s value of p = 0.485 (p > 0.05), so there were no differences in parental knowledge about the development of children's moral intelligence between fathers and mothers. In other words, the parent pairs were equal in knowledge.

Kata Kunci : pengetahuan orang tua, pelatihan “Orang tua Kompak”, kecerdasan moral anak.