EFEK LATIHAN FISIK TERATUR DAN TERUKUR PADA TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY YANG DILAKUKAN OVARIEKTOMI DALAM MEMPERBAIKI KUALITAS KULIT

LUTFI NURDIAN ASNINDARI, Prof. dr. Sri Kadarsih Soejono

2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Dasar dan Biomedis

Latar Belakang. Penurunan kadar estrogen menyebabkan perubahan kulit termasuk fibroblast, ketebalan epidermis dan dermis. Latihan fisik dapat meningkatkan kadar estrogen dan berdampak positif pada kulit. Mekanismenya berhubungan dengan peningkatan aromatisasi ekstragonadal, peningkatan estrogen serum, aktivasi IGF, serta ekspresi reseptor estrogen. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji peningkatan jumlah fibroblast, ketebalan epidermis dan dermis pada tikus yang dilakukan ovariektomi dan diberi latihan fisik dengan mengukur kadar RE β kulit dan kadar estrogen serum. Metode. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan post test only control group design, menggunakan 8 ekor tikus Sprague dawley betina usia 3 bulan dikelompokkan menjadi kelompok kelompok 1 dilakukan ovariektomi dan tidak diberi latihan fisik, kelompok 2 dilakukan ovariektomi dan diberi latihan fisik teratur dan terukur. Tikus berlari di atas treadmill dengan kecepatan 18m/menit, kemiringan 5%, durasi 60 menit/kali/hari, dan frekuensi 5 kali per minggu, selama 12 minggu. Setelah selesai, diukur kadar estrogen serum, kadar RE β kulit ketebalan epidermis dan dermis serta jumlah fibroblast. Hasil. Didapatkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna rerata kadar estrogen serum, kadar reseptor estrogen β, ketebalan epidermis dan dermis pada kelompok 1 dan kelompok 2 (p>0,05). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna rerata jumlah fibroblast pada kelompok 1 dan kelompok 2 (p<0,05). Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar estrogen serum dengan ketebalan epidermis (p<0,05) tikus Sprague dawley dengan arah korelasi positif. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar REβ kulit dengan kadar estrogen serum dengan arah korelasi negatif dan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar REβ kulit dengan ketebalan epidermis dengan arah korelasi negatif (p<0,05). Kesimpulan. Jumlah fibroblast dermis tikus meningkat pada kelompok yang dilakukan latihan fisik teratur dan terukur. Peningkatan kadar estrogen serum akan meningkatkan ketebalan epidermis dan akan menurunkan kadar REβ kulit. Peningkatan kadar REβ kulit akan menurunkan ketebalan epidermis.

Background. The decline of estrogen level causes various skin changes which include fibroblast, as well as the thickness of epidermis and dermis. Physical exercise is believed to increase the level of estrogen and give positive impacts on skin. Its mechanism is often associated with the increase of extragonadal aromatization and estrogen serum, the activation of IGF, and the expression of estrogen receptor. Objective. This research aims at examining the increase of fibroblast amount, and the thickness of epidermis and dermis after ovariectomy and in rats given also physical exercise by measuring the levels of estrogen β receptor (ER β) in skin and estrogen serum. Method. The study was an experiment with post test group design only. This research uses 8 female Sprague dawley rats aged 3 months which is divided into several groups. Group 1 consists of ovariectomized rats but given no physical exercise; Group 2 consists of ovariectomized rats and given measurable and regular exercise. Rats run on treadmill with the speed 18m/menit, the tilt of 5%, duration for 60 minutes/experiment/day, and its frequency is 5 times a week. After physical exercise, the levels of serum estrogen and ER β, the thickness of epidermis and dermis, and the amount of dermal fibroblast are measured. Result. The result shows that there is no significant difference the levels of serum estrogen and ER β, and the thickness of epidermis and dermis found on group 1 and group 2 (p>0,05). Further, significant difference on amount of fibroblast can be found between group 1 and group 2 (p<0,05). There is significant correlation between the level of serum estrogen and the thickness of epidermis (p<0,05) on Sprague dawley rats with positive correlation. There is significant correlation between the level of serum estrogen and the level of ER β (p<0,05) on Sprague dawley rats with negative correlation. There is significant correlation between the level of ER β and the thickness of epidermis (p<0,05) on Sprague dawley rats with negative correlation. Conclusion. Amount of dermal fibroblast on rats increases after measurable and regular exercise. The increase on the level of serum estrogen elevates the thickness of epidermis and decrease the level of ERβ. The increase on the level of ERβ decrease the thickness of epidermis.

Kata Kunci : latihan fisik, estrogen serum, reseptor estrogen β, fibroblast, dermis, epidermis