PENGARUH LAMA KONTAK CAMPURAN KALSIUM HIDROKSIDA-GLISERIN DAN KALSIUM HIDROKSIDA-CHLORHEXIDINE DIGLUCONATE 2% TERHADAP KEKERASAN MIKRO DENTIN PADA SEGMEN SEPERTIGA SERVIKAL SALURAN AKAR

Andina Rizkia Putri Kusuma, drg. Ema Mulyawati,MS,Sp.KG (K)

2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Konservasi Gigi

Kalsium hidroksida (Ca(OH)2) memiliki sifat biologis yang menguntungkan sebagai medikamen intrakanal, namun demikian kontak langsung Ca(OH)2 dengan dinding saluran akar terbukti dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisik dentin dan mempertinggi resiko terjadinya fraktur akar pasca perawatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama kontak pasta Ca(OH)2 berbahan pencampur gliserin dan chlorhexidine digluconate 2% dengan dinding saluran akar, selama dua minggu, empat minggu dan 12 minggu, terhadap kekerasan mikro dentin pada segmen sepertiga servikal saluran akar gigi. Subjek penelitian menggunakan 30 gigi premolar pertama mandibula. Gigi dipotong mahkota anatomisnya dan saluran akar dipreparasi dengan teknik crown down. Akar gigi dipotong horisontal pada segmen sepertiga servikal sepanjang 5 mm, kemudian segmen akar ditanam dalam resin akrilik. Subjek penelitian dikelompokkan menjadi enam, sesuai dengan jenis bahan pencampur dan lama kontak. Pada kelompok IA, IB dan IC diaplikasikan pasta Ca(OH)2 berbahan pencampur gliserin dengan lama kontak berturut-turut adalah dua minggu, empat minggu dan 12 minggu. Sedangkan pada kelompok IIA, IIB dan IIC diaplikasikan pasta Ca(OH)2 berbahan pencampur chlorhexidine digluconate 2% dengan lama kontak berturut-turut adalah dua minggu, empat minggu dan 12 minggu. Selama waktu perlakuan, subjek disimpan dalam inkubator pada suhu 37°C. Pengukuran kekerasan mikro dentin saluran akar setelah kontak langsung dengan pasta Ca(OH)2 dilakukan dengan alat Vickers Indenter Microhardness Tester. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama kontak berpengaruh terhadap kekerasan mikro dentin, sedangkan jenis bahan pencampur tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan. Nilai kekerasan mikro dentin terbesar tampak pada aplikasi pasta Ca(OH)2–gliserin selama dua minggu, sedangkan nilai terkecil terlihat pada aplikasi pasta Ca(OH)2–gliserin selama 12 minggu.

Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) has a beneficial biological properties as intracanal medicament. However, the direct contact of Ca(OH)2 with the root canal dentine can affect the physical properties and increasing the root fracture risk of treated tooth. This study aimed to determine the effect of contact periods Ca(OH)2 mix with glycerin and chlorhexidine digluconate 2% during two weeks, four weeks and twelve weeks, on the dentin micro hardness on cervical third of root canal dentine. Thirty extracted mandibular first premolars were use in this study. The crowns of the teeth were removed and the canals were prepared with crown-down technique. Each root was sectioned transversely on cervical third of 5 mm thickness and then they were mounted on acrylic resin. The specimens were randomly divided into 6 groups of 5 root segments each. In group IA, IB and IC Ca(OH)2 – glycerin mix were applicated during in a row two weeks contact, four weeks contact and twelve weeks contact. Whereas in group IIA, IIB and IIC Ca(OH)2 - chlorhexidine digluconate 2% mix were applicated during in a row two weeks contact, four weeks contact and twelve weeks contact. During the treatment period, the subjects were kept in an incubator at 37 ° C. Vickers Indenter Microhardness Tester was used to measure the micro hardness of root canal dentine after direct contact with Ca(OH)2 paste. Data were analysed using the 2 way Anova continued with LSD test. The results showed that the contact periods were effected on dentin micro hardness, while the type of vehicle was not significant. Greatest dentin micro hardness value shown on the application Ca(OH)2 – glycerine paste during two weeks, while the smallest value shown on the application pasta Ca(OH)2 -glycerine during twelve weeks.

Kata Kunci : kalsium hidroksida, gliserin, chlorhexidine digluconate 2%, kekerasan mikro dentin