PERBEDAAN EFEKTIFITAS BEBERAPA DESINFEKTAN DALAM MENURUNKAN ANGKA KUMAN INKUBATOR DI RUANG PERAWATAN NICU RSUP DR SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA

Budi Setiawan, Dra. Susi Iravati, Apt., Ph.D

2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang : Infeksi nosokomial yang terjadi di rumah sakit dapat disebabkan antara lain adanya kontaminasi mikrorganisme di lingkungan termasuk peralatan medis, contohnya yaitu inkubator bayi. Desinfeksi permukaan merupakan upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan angka kuman akibat kontaminasi mikroorganisme. Desinfektan yang dapat digunakan di antaranya klorheksidin glukonat, amonium kuarterner dan dipotassium Peroxodisulphate Tujuan: Menganalisis perbedaan efektifitas penggunaan beberapa bahan desinfektan yaitu klorheksidin glukonat, amonium kuarterner dan dipotassium peroxodisulphate untuk menurunkan angka kuman inkubator. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah Quasi Experiment dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian Time Series Design. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan cara purposive sampling. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kemudian secara statistik dengan Anova satu jalan, dengan taraf signifikansi 5% (α = 0.05) Hasil: Desinfektan kloreksidin glukonat mampu menurunkan angka kuman permukaan inkubator bayi sebesar 100%, amonium kuarterner 88,08% dan dipotassium peroxodisulphate 97,65%, serta telah memenuhi persyaratan baku mutu angka kuman permukaan. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan efektifitas 3 jenis desinfektan tersebut. Desinfektan klorheksidin glukonat mempunyai residu yang lebih lama untuk menghambat pertumbuhan mikroorganisme dibandingkan dengan amonium kuarterner dan dipotassium peroxodisulphate. Kesimpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan efektifitas penggunaan beberapa desinfektan yaitu klorheksidin glukonat, amonium kuarterner dan dipotassium peroxodisulphate untuk menurunkan angka kuman inkubator

Background: Nosocomial infections occurring in hospital can be caused by microorganisms which contaminate medical equipments, such as infant incubator. Surface disinfection is a method used to reduce the number of microorganisms incubator. Disinfectant agents used are chlorhexidine gluconate, quaternary ammonium and dipotassium peroxodisulphate. Objectives: To analyse the differences of effectiveness between the use of various types of disinfectants which are chlorhexidine gluconate, quaternary ammonium, and dipotassium peroxodisulphate in order to reduce reduce the number of microorganisms incubator. Methods: This research uses quasi experiment by utilising time series research design. This research uses purposive sampling technique. Data resulted from this technique is analysed descriptively and statistically using by one-way Anova, with significance level 5% ( =0.05). Result: Chlorhexidine gluconate is able to reduce reduce the number of microorganisms incubator at the level of 100%, quaternary ammonium at the level of 88.08%, and dipotassium peroxodisulphate at the level of 97.65%. The uses of these disinfectants meet the requirement of standard surface germs level. From the statistical tests, it is discovered that there is no differences in terms of effectiveness in the use of these disinfectants. From the tests, it is discovered that Chlorhexidine gluconate has longer term of residue in delaying growth of microorganism compared with the other two disinfectants. Conclusion: There is no difference in terms of effectiveness in the use of several different disinfectants, which are chlorhexidine gluconate, quaternary ammonium, and dipotassium peroxodisulphate in order to reduce reduce the number of microorganisms incubator.

Kata Kunci : Efektifitas, desinfektan, angka kuman inkubator