PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PAKET GIZI MASYARAKAT PROYEK NICE TERHADAP KINERJA POSYANDU DAN STATUS GIZI BALITA DI PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT TAHUN 2011

Solikin, dr. Kristiani, SU.,

2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

: Latar belakang Salah satu masalah gizi Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat memiliki prevalensi balita underweight sebesar 30,5 persen tahun 2010. Hal ini berarti prevalensi balita underweight Provinsi NTB berada di atas prevalensi nasional. Dikembangkan proyek perbaikan gizi melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan fokus pada penguatan kelembagaan, penyelenggaraan pelayanan gizi terintegrasi, pemberdayaan gizi masyarakat, perluasan program fortifikasi dan komunikasi gizi. Komponen utama proyek ini adalah pemberdayaan gizi masyarakat yang kegiatannya ditujukan untuk mendukung pelayanan gizi masyarakat agar masyarakat secara mandiri dapat mengatasi masalah gizi dan kesehatan sendiri. mengevaluasi Tujuan: pengaruh pemberian paket gizi masyarakat di Provinsi NTB, khususnya terhadap peningkatan status gizi balita indeks berat badan menurut umur dan kinerja posyandu. : P Metode penelitian enelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluatif dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Rancangan penelitiannya adalah one group pre and post test design. Penelitian dilaksanakan di 4 kabupaten/kota wilayah Nutrition Improvement through Community Empowerment (NICE) Project yang mencakup 72 desa/kota yang mendapat paket gizi masyarakat (PGM) dengan jumlah posyandu sebanyak 533 dan 7.975 sampel balita. Untuk memperkuat analisis perbedaan status gizi balita berdasarkan indeks BB/U dan kinerja posyandu sebelum dan sesudah desa/ kelurahan mendapat PGM, dilakukan indept interview pada pengelola PGM di tingkat provinsi, kabupaten/kota, puskesmas dan kelompok gizi mayarakat. Pemilihan subjek penelitian dilakukan secara simple random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan paired t-test. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Januari sampai dengan April 2012. : Hasil Terdapat perbedaan bermakna kinerja posyandu (nilai p < 0,001 dengan 95% CI 9,885763-11,05232) dan status gizi balita menurut indeks BB/U (nilai p < 0,001 dengan 95% CI-1,233254-1,321063) antara sebelum dan sesudah pemberian paket gizi masyarakat (PGM). Kinerja posyandu meningkat setelah pemberian PGM namun belum mampu meningkatkan status gizi balita (indeks BB/U) di Provinsi NTB Tahun 2011. Terdapat faktor pendukung pemberian PGM diantaranya kualitas SDM KGM, keterlibatan Lintas sektor, desa/ kelurahan dan tokoh masyarakat/agama serta keterpaduan program lainnya (PNPM-Mandiri, GSC, dana daerah)

Background: The province of NTB had the prevalence of underweight 30.5% in 2010 for children under five; this figure is above the national prevalence. A project of nutrition improvement through community empowerment has been developed with the focus on institutional capacity building, provision of integrated nutrition service, community nutrition empowerment, extension of fortification program and nutrition communication. Major component of the project is community nutrition empowerment of which the activities are aimed at supporting community nutrition service for community empowerment to overcome nutrition and health problem independently. Objective: To evaluation effect of CNP supplementation at the Province of NTB to the increase of nutrition status of children under five through index of weight by age and performance of posyandu. Method: The study was evaluative with quantitative and qualitative method and one group pre and post test design. The study was carried out from January to April 2012 at 4 districts/municipalities area of Nutrition Improvement through Community Empowerment (NICE) Project comprising 72 villages/cities that received CNP in 533 posyandu with 7,975 samples of children under fives. To support analysis of difference in nutrition status of children under five based on index of weight/age and performance of health center, in depth interview was made with individuals administering CNP at the provincial, district/municipal, health center and community nutrition group level before and after receiving the package. Samples were randomly selected. Data analysis used paired t-test. < Result: There was significant difference in performance of posyandu (p 0.001; 95% CI 9.88 to 11.05) and nutrition status of children under five based on index of weight/age (p < 0.001; 95% CI -1.23 to -1.32) before and after CNP supplementation. Performance of posyandu increased after CNP supplementation but was not able to increased nutrition status of children under five (index of weight/age) at the Province of NTB 2011. There were supporting factors of community nutrition supplementation such as human resources, participation across sectors, villages and community/religious leaders and integration with other programs (PNPM-Mandiri, GSC, local budget). Conclusion: CNP supplementation affected performance of posyandu but not able to increased nutrition status of children under five at the Province of NTB 2011.

Kata Kunci : Kesimpulan Pemberian paket gizi masyarakat berpengaruh terhadap kinerja posyandu tetapi belum mampu meningkatkan status gizi balita di Provinsi NTB Tahun 2011.