PENGARUH PAKAN BERBASIS PRODUK KETELA POHON TERHADAP KINERJA REPRODUKSI (PADA PEMBERIAN SECARA FLUSHING) DAN KINERJA PRODUKSI KAMBING KEJOBONG

Mochamad Socheh,MS,Ir, Prof. Ir. Ismaya, M.Sc., Ph.D

2013 | Disertasi | S3 Ilmu Peternakan

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: mengevaluasi kinerja reproduksi dan produksi kambing Kejobong melalui penggunaan pakan berbasis produk ketela pohon dengan penekanan pada konsentrasi dan profil hormon pre dan post mating serta peran kalpain dan kalpastatin dalam keempukan daging. Induk kambing umur 2,50 – 3,00 tahun dengan rataan bobot hidup awal 26,60 1,71 kg sebanyak 20 ekor digunakan untuk mempelajari kinerja reproduksi dan produksi. Induk kambing umur 2,00  2,50 tahun dengan kisaran bobot hidup awal antara 23,80  24,20 kg sebanyak 20 ekor digunakan untuk mempelajari aktivitas kalpain dan kalpastatin daging. Semua ternak ditempatkan secara acak kedalam dua macam perlakuan, yaitu: perlakuan non-flushing dan flushing. Kedua perlakuan tersebut masing-masing diulang sebanyak 10 kali. Komposisi dan kandungan nutrien dari kedua perlakuan, yaitu: non-flushing: 48,84% rumput lapangan, 30,23% daun cassava, dan 20,93% Glyricidia immaculata (9,70% PK; 37,20% TDN); flushing: 29,30% rumput lapangan, 18,14% daun cassava, dan 12,56% Glyricidia immaculata ditambah 40% konsentrat (31,43% onggok dan 8,57% dedak padi) (12,70% PK dan 84,50% TDN). Peubah yang diukur meliputi kinerja reproduksi dan produksi, profil hormon pre dan post mating, serta aktivitas kalpain dan kalpastatin daging. Data diolah dengan prosedur General Linear Model Univariate. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan flushing berbasis produk ketela pohon berpengaruh nyata (P  0,05) terhadap kinerja produksi dan kinerja reproduksi kambing Kejobong. Penambahan konsentrat ke dalam pakan basal berpengaruh nyata (P  0,05) terhadap aktivitas kalpain dan kalpastatin daging. Kesimpulan penelitian: flushing berbasis produk ketela pohon meningkatkan pertambahan bobot badan harian dan bobot hidup akhir induk kambing Kejobong; jumlah cempe sekelahiran; bobot lahir cempe jantan dan betina; konsentrasi estrogen dan progetseron selama pre mating; dan meningkatkan konsentrasi progesteron selama post mating. Penambahan konsentrat ke dalam pakan basal berbasis produk ketela pohon meningkatkan aktivitas -kalpain, m-kalpain, dan aktivitas kalpastatin.

2. 0 The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the reproduction and production performance of Kejobong goats throuh usage of feed bases on the cassava products by stressing on the hormone concentration and profile on pre and post mating and of the role of calpain and calpastatin activities in meat tenderness. Does were 2.50 to 3 years of old with the average of initial live weight was 26.6 kg  1.71kg as many as 20 heads to be used for studying of the reproduction and productivity performance. Does were 0  2.50 years of old with the average of initial live weight was 23.80  24.20kg as much as 20 heads to be utilized for investigating on the activity of calpain and calpastatin of meat. All animals were randomly assigned into two treatments, namely: non-flushing and flushing. Both treatments were each repeated 10 times. Composition and nutrient content of the two treatments, namely: non-flushing: 48.84% grasses, 30.23% cassava leaves, and 20.93% Glyrisidae immaculata (9.7% CP; 37.2% TDN); flushing: 29.30% grass, 18.14% cassava leaves, and 12,56% Glyrisidae immaculata added concentrate (31.43% onggok and 8.57% rice meal (12.70% CP; 84.50% TDN). Variables measured including the performance of reproduction and production, hormone profile during pre and post mating; and the activity of calpain and calpastatin of meat. The General Linear Model Univariate procedure was used to analyze the variables measured. The results of the experiment showed that flushing bases of cassava products was a significantly effect (P  0.05) into the performance of reproduction and productivity of Kejobong goats. The addition of concentrates in the basal feed was a significantly effect (P  0.05) into the activities of calpain and calpastatin of meat. Conclusion: flushing bases on the cassava products increase ADG and final live weight of does; litter size, kid birth weights of male and female; concentration of estrogen and progesterone during pre mating; and enhanced the concentration of progesterone during post mating. Addition of concentrate into the basal feed improved activities of -calpain, m-kalpain, and calpastatin.

Kata Kunci : Reproduksi, produksi, produk ketela pohon, flushing, kambing Kejobong