PERSEPSI DAN KEPEDULIAN SISWA TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH MELALUI PROGRAM ADIWIYATA

Sumarlin, Prof. Dr. Suratman, M.Sc

2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Lingkungan

Program Adiwiyata yang bertujuan menciptakan kondisi yang baik bagi sekolah sebagai tempat pembelajaran siswa sehingga dapat bertanggung jawab dalam upaya-upaya penyelamatan lingkungan. Pengelolaan lingkungan sekolah melalui program Adiwiyata memerlukan kesadaran dan tanggungjawab siswa yang dibangun dari persepsi dan kepedulian siswa, untuk itulah penelitian ini bertujuan; mengkaji persepsi siswa terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan sekolah melalui program Adiwiyata, menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh pada persepsi siswa terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan sekolah melalui program Adiwiyata, mengkaji tingkat kepedulian siswa terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan sekolah melalui program Adiwiyata. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey. Secara propotional random sampling didapatkan sampel 94 orang siswa SMP. Penentuan lokasi SMP dilakukan secara porpusive yaitu sekolah yang terletak di kota lama (SMPN 2 Kendari) dan sekolah yang terletak di kota baru (SMPN 17 Kendari) dengan menggunakan alokasi proporsi, sampel untuk sekolah yang terletak di kota lama (SMPN 2 Kendari) sejumlah 58 orang, dan sampel sekolah yang terletak di kota baru (SMPN 17 Kendari) sejumlah 36 orang. Kuisioner dipakai sebagai alat bantu untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan, keadaan sosial ekonomi siswa, tingkat persepsi dan tingkat kepedulian. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis uji korelasi antar variabel penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan persepsi siswa terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan sekolah melalui program Adiwiyata di SMPN 2 Kendari mayoritas dikategorikan sedang artinya sebagian besar siswa belum memahami, menilai, mengiterprestasi dengan baik pengembangan program adiwiyata dalam pengelolaan lingkungan sekolah, sedangkan di SMPN 17 Kendari persepsi siswa dikategorikan tinggi artinya sebagian besar siswa memahami, menilai dan menghayati secara positif pengembangan program Adiwiyata di sekolah. Analisis persepsi menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan dan sosial ekonomi siswa berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap persepsi siswa. Hal tersebut, diperoleh dari uji korelasi antara pengetahuan terhadap persepsi siswa, di SMPN 2 Kendari (r=0,321, Phit = 0,014; Phit < 0,05); SMPN 17 Kendari (r=0,407, Phit = 0,004; Phit < 0,05) dan korelasi sosial ekonomi terhadap persepsi siswa, di SMPN 2 Kendari (r=0,349, Phit = 0,028; Phit < 0,05); SMPN 17 Kendari (r=0,366, Phit = 0,004; Phit < 0,05).Tingkat kepedulian siswa terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan sekolah melalui program Adiwiyata di SMPN 2 Kendari mayoritas dikategorikan sedang, sedangkan di SMPN 17 Kendari mayoritas dikategorikan tinggi. Perbedaan kategori kepedulian pada ke-dua sekolah tersebut ini, disebabkan oleh tingkat persepsi siswa terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan melalui program Adiwiyata. Analisis kepedulian menunjukkan persepsi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepedulian, di SMPN 2 Kendari (r=0,314, Phit = 0,016; Phit < 0,05) dan di SMPN 17 Kendari (r=0,407, Phit = 0,031; Phit < 0,05). Untuk itulah, diperlukan peran guru sebagai pendidik dan pemotivator utama untuk menginternalisasikan nilai-nilai kepedulian terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan melalui program Adiwiayata pada anak didik.

Adiwiyata program aim at creating favorable conditions for the school as a place of learning and awareness so that students can be responsible in the environment rescue efforts. Management of the school through an adiwiyata program requires students awareness and responsibility adiwiyata built from perceptions and concerns of students, that's what this study aims to examine students perceptions of the management of the school environment through Adiwiyata program, analyze the factors that affect students perceptions, assess the level of awareness of students to the management of the school environment through Adiwiyata program. The method used in this research is a survey method. In proportional random sampling obtained a sample 94 SMP students. The location of the school was determined porpusively that is the schools located in urban area (SMPN 2 Kendari) and in the sub urban area (SMPN 17 Kendari) using the allocation proportions, the sample for which the school is located in the urban area (SMPN 2 Kendari) consist of 58 people, and the sample schools located in the sub urban area (SMPN 17 Kendari) consist 36 people. A questionnaire was used as an instrument to measure the level of knowledge, socio-economic situation of students, level of perception and level of concern. This study used descriptive analysis and correlation tests between the variables. The results of this research indicate students perceptions of the management of the environment school through Adiwiyata program at the SMPN 2 Kendari majority were categorized medium, that means most of students do not understand, assess, and enterpret well the Adiwiyata program in the environment management of the school, while in SMPN 17 Kendari perceptions of students categorized high, means most students understand, evaluate and appreciate positive adiwiyata program at school. The analysis shows the level of knowledge and perception of socio-economic students significantly influence students perceptions. It is obtained from the correlation test between the perception of knowledge to students, in SMPN 2 Kendari (r = 0,321, Phit = 0.014; Phit < 0.05); SMPN 17 Kendari (r = 0,407, Phit = 0,004; Phit < 0,05) and the socio-economic correlation to the perception of the students, in SMPN 2 Kendari (r = 0,349, Phit = 0,028; Phit < 0,05); SMPN 17 Kendari (r = 0,366, Phit = 0,004; Phit <0,05). Level of awareness of students to the management of the school through Adiwiyata program at SMPN 2 Kendari majority considered medium, while in SMPN 17 Kendari majority categorized as high. This is caused by differences in the perception of students toward the development of environmental management through Adiwiyata programs at both schools. Analysis showed concern significant effect on the perception of caring, in SMPN 2 Kendari (r = 0,314, Phit = 0,016; Phit < 0,05) and at SMPN 17 Kendari (r = 0,407, Phit = 0,031; Phit < 0,05). For this reason, the role of the teacher necessary as an educator and principal motivator to internalize the values of concern for environmental management through Adiwiyata program on students.

Kata Kunci : Pendidikan lingkungan, Adiwiyata, Persepsi, Kepedulian