Analisis lingkungan internal dan eksternal untuk pengembangan balai besar kesehatan paru masyarakat Surakarta

Mohammad Syahril, Prof. dr. Laksono Trisnantoro, MSc,PhD

2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar belakang:Balai Besar Kesehatan Paru Masyarakat (BBKPM) Surakarta adalah UPT Departemen Kesehatan yang melaksanakan Upaya Kesehatan Perorangan dan Upaya Kesehatan Masyarakat di bidang kesehatan paru. Berdasarkan Permenkes nomr 1352/Menkes/PER/IX/2005 BBKPM Surakarta dinaikan status kelembagaanya menjadi Eselon II dengan wilayah kerja 10 propinsi. Untuk mewujudkan visi dan misinya menyikapi pengembangan organisasi, perlu dilakukan identifikasi lingkungan internal dan eksternal yang dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar dalam penyusunan rencana strategis pengembangan BBKPM Surakarta.. Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis lingkungan internal dan eksternal BBKPM Surakarta serta mengkaji isu strategis pengembangan BBKPM Surakarta. Metode: Penelitian kualitatif jenis studi kasus deskriptif dengan rancangan kasus tunggal holistik. Unit analisis adalah BBKPM Surakarta dengan subyek penelitian adalah pejabat Departemen Kesehatan, Dinas Kesehatan Surakarta, pejabat struktural dan fungsional BBKPM Surakarta. Variabel penelitian adalah faktor internal dan eksternal BBKPM Surakarta. Sumber data primer dari observasi, wawancara mendalam dan Diskusi Kelompok Terarah. Data sekunder dari studi kepustakaan dan laporan tahunan BBKPM Surakarta. Hasil: Kekuatan BBKPM Surakarta adalah budaya, nilai-nilai organisasi dan struktur organisasi yang baik, lokasi strategis, citra pelayanan , sumber anggaran APBN dan tarif pelayanan murah. Kelemahannya adalah belum ada rencana strategis pengembangan,SDM kurang disiplin dan kurang jumlahnya, sistem informasi pelayanan belum baik, sarana pelayanan belum standar, SOP dan formularium obat belum ada dan promosi kesehatan belum professional. Peluangnya adalah dukungan Pemerintah, PP Nomor 23 Tahun 2005 tentang PK-BLU, kepercayaan masyarakat, asuransi kesehatan dan sistem rujukan. Ancamannya adalah persaingan dengan RS sekitar yang memberikan pelayanan yang sama. Kesimpulan: Analisis SWOT menghasilkan kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman untuk strategi pengembangan. Isu strategi pengembangannya adalah sebagai pusat pelayanan kesehatan paru, pusat diklat dan pusat promosi kesehatan paru.

Background:Balai Besar Kesehatan Paru Masyarakat (BBKPM) Surakartais technical service unit of the Health Department which conduct individual and community respiratory health services. Based on Ministry decree no 1352/Menkes/PER/IX/2005 by the MOH of Indonesia, BBKPM Surakarta was promoted to be echelon II and responsible for providing respiratory health service in 10 working area provinces. To achieve its vision and mission, and address organization development, is necessary to identify internal and external environment that can serve as a basis for strategic planning in development of BBKPM Surakarta. Objective:Identifying and analyzing internal and external of BBKPM Surakarta environment, and reviewing strategic issues in development of BBKPM Surakarta. Method:Qualitative research descriptive case study type with holistic single case design. The unit of analysis was BBKPM Surakarta with research subjects were officials of the Ministry of Health, Surakarta Health Office and the structural and functional BBKPM Surakarta. Research variables were internal and external factors of BBKPM Surakarta. Source of primary data were obtained from observation, in-depth interview and focus group discussions, and secondary data from the literature and annual report of BBKPM Surakarta. Result: The strengths were culture and organization values, organization structure, strategic location, the image of the service, source of the budget was from government and low cost of service rates. The weaknesses were there was no strategic plan development, less in number and lack of discipline of human resources, information systems have not been good, service facilities have not been standardized, there was no standard operational procedure and drug formularies, and health promotion has not been professional. The opportunities were the support of the Government, Government Regulation on the PK BLU, the confidence of communities toward its services, availability of health insurance and referral system. The threat was competition with surrounding hospitals in providing of the same services Conclusion: SWOT analysis resulted strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for strategic developmentof BBKPM Surakarta. The issues of the strategy development of BBKPM Surakarta were to be center of respiratory health service, training and promotion.

Kata Kunci : Lingkungan internal, lingkungan eksternal, SWOT, isu strategis