PELAKSANAAN UNIVERSAL PRECAUTION OLEH PERAWAT DI RSUD SLEMAN

E Egriana Handayani, Prof. dr. Hari Kusnanto J., Dr.PH.,

2012 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Rumah sakit merupakan institusi pelayanan bagi masyarakat dengan kegiatan pokok berupa pelayanan medis baik preventif, promotif, kuratif, maupun rehabilitative, sebagai upaya meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan kepada masyarakat, rumah sakit perlu mempunyai pegawai atau karyawan yang perilakunya termotivasi secara baik, mengarah kepada tujuan organisasi dan aktivitas-aktivitasnya tidak mudah terganggu oleh gangguan-gangguan kecil. Perawat pelaksana harus memberikan pelayanan yang prima dengan memperhatikan kaidah-kaidah prinsip universal Precaution sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya infeksi silang. Hasil pengamatan awal masih ada sebagian perawat ruangan yang sedang bertugas belum menerapkan universal Precaution dengan baik. Tujuan penelitian: Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan universal precaution oleh perawat di RSUD Sleman Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus. Subyek penelitian Perawat, Kabid Yanmed & Keperawatan, Kasie Yanmed, Tim PPI, dan Sanitasi. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara menggunakan panduan wawancara mendalam (indepth interview), panduan observasi, dan koesioner dan analisis data di deskripsikan dalam bentuk narasi. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepatuhan perawat dalam pelaksanaan universal precaution sudah cukup baik. Pengetahun Prosedur aseptik yang dimiliki perawat dalam pelaksanaan universal precaution cukup baik. Fasilitas sarana yang disediakan pihak rumah sakit sudah cukup, meskipun jumlah wastafel masih dirasakan kurang memadai. Supervisi dan sosialisasi dalam pelaksanaan universal precaution sudah cukup baik, supervisi dilakukan oleh tim PPI dalam satu bulan sekali melalui buku tingkat kepatuhan perawat, sedangkan sosialisasi dilakukan melalui pemasangan poster. Kesimpulan: Pelaksanaan universal precaution oleh perawat di RSUD Sleman sudah berjalan cukup baik dengan sosialisasi dan supervisi yang kontinue, namun pelaksanaan universal precaution perlu didukung oleh ketersediaan fasilitas sarana.

Background: A hospital is a service institution for the community that has main activities in medical services, either preventive, promotive, curative, or rehabilitative as efforts to increase health service for the community. A hospital needs to have staff with well motivated behavior that direct to the objective of the organization and their activities cannot be easily disrupted by minor problems. Nurses have to provide prime service by considering principles of universal precaution in order to prevent the incidence of cross infection. The result of preliminary observation shows that there are some nurses in the ward that have not implemented universal precaution properly. Objective: The objective of the study was to identify the implementation of universal precaution by nurses at Sleman Hospital. Method: This was a case study that used qualitative method. Subject of the study were nurses, head of medical service & nursing unit, head of medical service section, team of infection prevention and control, and sanitation. Data were collected through indepth interview guide, observation guide and questionnaire, Data analysis was described in narration. Results: The result of the study showed adherence of nurses to the implementation of universal precaution belonged to relatively good. Knowledge on aseptic procedure in the implementation of universal precaution belonged to relatively good. Means facilities provided by the hospital was enough even though the number of sinks is still considered inadequate. Supervision and socialization in the implementation of universal precaution belonged to relatively good, supervision carried out by a team of infection control in once a month through the nurse compliance rate, while socialization of universal precaution needs to be supported by the availability of facilities means. Conclusion: implementation of universal precaution by nurses at Sleman Hospital already underway belonged to relatively good with socialization and continuous supervision, but the implementation needs to be supported by the availability of facilities and infrastructure.

Kata Kunci : universal precaution, kepatuhan perawat, pengetahuan prosedur aseptik, fasilitas sarana, supervisi dan sosialisasi.