PENGARUH MUSIK TERHADAP KECEMASAN IBU SELAMA KANGAROO MOTHER CARE DAN RESPON BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAHA

Wiwi Kustio Priliana, Prof dr. Muhamad Hakimi, SpOG(K), PhD.,

2012 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) merupakan cara atau metode merawat BBLR, dimana terjadi kontak kulit secara langsung antara ibu dan bayi membuat penyesuaian otomatis suhu tubuh ibu untuk melindungi bayinya. Beberapa intervensi perawatan di NICU seperti pijat bayi, Kangaroo Mother Care dan mendengarkan musik mempunyai manfaat pertumbuhan bayi dan kesiapan pulang serta menurunkan kecemasan ibu. Tujuan: Diketahui manfaat musik pada kecemasan ibu dan respon BBLR selama Kangaroo Mother Care. Metode: Rancangan penelitian Quasi Eksperimental dengan Pretest and Posttest Non Equivalent Control Group Design. Populasi: ibu dan BBLR yang melaksanakan KMC. Sampel penelitian ini 40 ibu beserta bayinya. Pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling, tempat penelitian di Bangsal NICU Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Wates dan RS Jogja.Variabel bebas: musik, variabel terikat: kecemasan ibu dan respon fisiologis (nadi dan respirasi) BBLR dan variabel luar: umur kehamilan pendidikan ibu, umur ibu, cara persalinan. Musik yang digunakan adalah musik Lullaby diambil dari internet. Analisis data meliputi: univariabel, bivariabel, dan multivariabel. Uji statistik menggunakan Paired t-test, independent t-test dan regresi linier dengan tingkat kemaknaan p < 0,05 dan confidence interval (CI) 95%. Hasil: Setelah perlakuan terjadi penurunan kecemasan pada ibu sebesar 3,5 point, p = 0,038, Nadi BBLR penurunannya 3,8 kali/menit, p = 0,004. Respirasi BBLR penurunannya 3,3 kali/menit, p = 0,019. Usia kehamilan, pendidikan ibu, umur ibu, dan cara persalinan hasilnya tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Musik mempunyai pengaruh terhadap penurunan skor kecemasan ibu dan respon fisiologis (menurunkan nadi dan respirasi) pada BBLR selama Kangaroo Mother Care

Background: Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is a means or method of caring for LBW, where there is direct skin contact between mother and baby makes automatic adjustments to the mother's body temperature to protect her baby. Some interventions such as massage treatments in the NICU babies, Kangaroo Mother Care and listening to music has benefits baby's growth and readiness to go home and reduce maternal anxiety. Objectives: Given the benefits of music on maternal anxiety and response Kangaroo Mother Care for low birth weight. Methods: Quasi-experimental study design with pretest and posttest Non Equivalent Control Group Design. Population: the mother and low birth weight who implement KMC. This study sampled 40 mothers and her babies. Purposive sampling with sampling, a research site in Ward General Hospital NICU Wates and RS Jogja. Independent variabel: music, dependent variable: maternal anxiety and physiological responses (heart rate and respiratory rate) LBW and external variables: maternal education, maternal age, how labor, and gestational age. The music used was Lullaby music which was captured from the internet. Analysis Data: univariabel, bivariabel, and multivariable. Statistical tests using Paired ttest, Independent t-test and linear regression with a significance level of p < 0.05 and confidence interval (CI) 95%. Results: After treatment decreased anxiety in mothers of 3,5 points, p = 0,038, Nadi decline LBW 3,8 x/minute, p = 0.004. LBW respiration decline 3,3 x/minute p = 0.019. Gestational age, maternal education, maternal age, and way of delivery results were not significant (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Music has an influence on the reduction in maternal anxiety scores, and physiological responses (lower heart rate and respiratory rate) on the Kangaroo Mother Care for low birth weight.

Kata Kunci : Kangaroo Mother Care, BBLR, Musik, Kecemasan.